商英精读 词汇辨析搭配.docx
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商英精读 词汇辨析搭配.docx
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商英精读词汇辨析搭配
risk
[基本用法]
1)n.danger;possibilitythatsomethingharmfulorundesirablemayhappen.危险;风险
risk+of:
e.g.theriskofinfection
risk+that:
e.g.Thereisarealriskthatthewheatcropmaybelost.
atrisk:
有危险
e.g.Millionsoflivesareatriskbecauseoffoodshortage.
beattheriskofsth.:
有……的危险
e.g.Evidenceshowsthatthespottedowlisattheriskofextinction.
take/runrisks/arisk:
冒险
e.g.Youhavetotake/runalotofrisksifyouwanttosucceedinbusiness.
runtheriskofdoingsth.:
冒……的风险
e.g.Idon'twanttoruntheriskofmeetingGeorge,soI'llstayhere.
Anyonetravellingwithoutapassportrunstheriskofbeingarrested.
atone'sownrisk:
自担风险
e.g.Danger—enteratyourownrisk.
2)vt.toputindanger;totakeachanceof(apossibleunpleasantresult).冒……险;担……的风险
e.g.You'reriskingyourhealthbysmoking.
Bycriticizingthebossheriskedlosinghisjob.
Jimriskedhislifetohelpsavehispartner.
Thesenatorsarewillingtorisktheircareersonamatterofprinciple.
[相关搭配]
sharerisks:
共同承担风险
riskfunds/capital:
风险资金/资本
riskfactors:
风险因素
risktransfer:
风险转移
riskmoney/premium:
风险补贴
perform
[基本用法]
1)vt.todo;carryout,esp.accordingtoausualorestablishedmethod.履行;实行;完成
e.g.Rubinsayshewillresignwhenheisnolongerabletoperformhisduties.
Youcan'texpectmetoperformmiracles(=dothingsthatseemimpossible).
2)vt./vi.togive,actorshow,esp.inthepresenceofthepublic.表演;演奏
e.g.Themagicianperformedsomeastonishingtricks.
Hewillbeperformingontheclarinet(单簧管)/atthepiano.
3)vi.(ofamachine)towork(intheproperorintendedway).运行;表现
e.g.Thiscarperformsbadly/poorlyonhills.
Allsystemsonthespaceshuttleappeartobeperformingwell.
Theelectronicsindustrycontinuestoperformwell.
[相关词]
performancen.性能;功绩;运行;表演;成绩
performern.演员
[相关搭配]
performingarts:
表演艺术
highperformancecar:
性能良好的汽车
puton/give/stageaperformance:
表演节目
disappointingperformanceinanexam:
令人失望的考试成绩
starperformer:
明星演员
replace
[基本用法]
1)vt.(withsth.)totaketheplaceof.取代;替换
e.g.We'vereplacedtheoldcomputerwith/byanewone.
GeorgehasreplacedEdwardascaptainoftheteam.
I'vereplacedthebatteriesinyourWalkman.
2)vt.toputsomethingbackintherightplace.把……放回原处
e.g.Hereplacedthebookontheshelf.
Pleasereplaceyourtrayandreturnyourseattoanuprightpositionforlanding.
[相关词]
replacementn.替换;取代物;代替者
[相关搭配]
personnelreplacementcharts:
人事调配图
replacementcost:
重置成本
findareplacementfor:
找到接替者
limit
[基本用法]
1)vt.tokeepwithinacertainsize,amount,number,area,orplace;restrict.限制;限度
e.g.Wemustlimitourspending.
Helimitedhimselftoonecakeeachhour.
Alackofformaleducationwilllimityourjobopportunities.
2)n.thefarthestpointoredge,whichcannotormustnotbepassed.界限;限度(最高或者最低的)限额
toreachthelimitofone'spatience:
忍耐已到了极限
setalimiton:
限制
e.g.MywifeandIsetalimitonhowmuchwespendonclothes.
Thereisa/nolimitto(sth.):
有/无限度
e.g.I'llhelpasmuchasIcan,butthere'salimittowhatIcando.
Thereisnolimittowhatyoucandoifyoutry.
withinlimits:
在一定范围/限制/限度之内
e.g.Youcandowhatyoulike—withinlimits.
offlimits(to):
禁止入内
e.g.Thetownisofflimitstomilitarypersonnel.
Thebasementisalwaysofflimitstouskids.
[相关词]
limitationn.限制;缺陷;局限性
[相关搭配]
knowone'slimits:
了解自己(的能力/擅长等)
e.g.Iknowmylimits,andI'mnotagreatrunner.
Herambitionknowsnolimits.她野心极大。
theupper/lowerlimit:
上/下限
alimitedliabilitycompany(LTD):
有限责任公司
timelimit:
时间限制;限期
bebelow/overthelimit:
(司机)饮酒未过量/过量
share
[基本用法]
1)n.thepartbelongingto,owedto,ordonebyaparticularperson.一份;份额
e.g.Iwroteacheckformyshareofthephonebill.
Alargeshareoftheirincomegoestowardrent.
Don'tyoupayforallthis—let'sgoshares.
2)n.anyoftheequalpartsintowhichtheownershipofacompanycanbedivided,whichareofferedforsaletothepublic.股;股票;股份
sharesinSimens在西门子公司的股票
stocksandshares股票
e.g.Herecentlysoldhisshareintherestaurantfor$500,000.
3)vt.tohave,use,pay,ortakepartin(something)withothersoramongagroup,ratherthansingly.共有;公用;均摊
e.g.Wesharedthecostofthemeal.
Weallsharetheresponsibilityfortheseterribleevents.
It'salwaysbettertoshareyourworriesandproblems.
Athisdeathhispropertywassharedbetweenhischildren.
DoyoumindsharingaroomwithJenny?
[相关词]
shareholdern.持股人;股东
[相关搭配]
thelion'sshareof(sth.):
最大的份额
shareprice:
股价
share-holdingsystem:
股份制
goshares:
均摊
marketshare:
市场份额
1.maintain
[基本用法]
1)vt.tocontinuetohave;keepinexistence,ornotallowtobecomeless.维持;保持
e.g.Ihopeyouwillmaintainyourrecentimprovement.
Partofherjobistomaintaingoodrelationswithoursuppliers.
2)vt.tokeep(aroad,machine,building,etc.)ingoodcondition.维修;保养
e.g.Alargecountryhousecostsalottomaintain.
Theroadsaroundthetownhavebeenverypoorlymaintained.
3)vt.toexpressfirmlyyourbeliefthatsomethingistrue.坚决主张
e.g.SomepeoplestillmaintainthattheEarthisflat.
4)vt.toprovide(someone)withfoodandwhateverisnecessaryforthemtoliveon.赡养
e.g.Theybarelyearnenoughtomaintainthemselvesandtheirfourchildren.
[相关词]
maintenancen.维持;维护;保养;(法院判定由丈夫付给前妻的)赡养费
[相关搭配]
carmaintenance:
汽车维修
routinemaintenance:
例行/日常保养
preventativemaintenance:
预防性维修
time-basedmaintenance:
定期保养
2.launch
[基本用法]
1)vt.tobegin(somethingsuchasaplan)orintroduce(somethingnewsuchasaproduct).创办;发动;出版;投放市场
e.g.Althoughajob-sharingschemewaslaunchedayearago,veryfewpeoplehaveshownanyinterestinit.
Adevastatingattackwaslaunchedontherebelstronghold,leavingmanyofthemdead.
She'splanningtolaunchacompanytomakeelectronictoys.
Theyheldaspecialpartytolaunchthenewbook.
2)vt.tosend(something)out,suchasanewshipintowaterorarocketintospace.发射;(船)下水
e.g.Aspokesmanforthedockyardsaidtheyhopedtolaunchthefirstsubmarinewithintwoyears.
Beforelaunchingthemissile,thepilotlocksitontothetarget.
launchamissile/rocket/torpedo(鱼雷)/satellite
3)n.(船)下水;发射;投放市场
e.g.thelaunchofthespaceshuttle
Wereyouatthelaunchofthenewship/book?
[相关搭配]
launchanassault/offensive:
发动攻击/进攻
launchacampaign:
发起一场运动
launchtower:
发射塔
launcher:
发射架
launch(ing)site:
发射场
launchinto:
开始
e.g.Helaunchedintoaviolentattackonmyhandlingoftheaffair.
launchout开始;着手(带有危险的事)
e.g.Helefthisfather'sshopandlaunchedoutintobusinessforhimself.
3.project
[基本用法]
1)n.apieceofplannedworkoractivitywhichiscompletedoveraperiodoftimeandintendedtoachieveaparticularaim.项目;工程;规划
e.g.Thenewdamisamajorconstructionprojectfundedbythegovernment.
Thislong-termprojectistohelpthehomeless.
[相关搭配]
ProjectHope:
希望工程
municipalproject:
市政工程
waterconservancyproject:
水利工程
jerry-builtproject:
豆腐渣工程
first-phaseproject:
一期工程
irrigationproject:
灌溉工程
2)v.tocause(afilm,imageorlight)toappearonascreenorothersurface.投映
e.g.Wedon'thaveascreenbutwecanprojecttheslidesontothebackwall.
Ifyouprojectyouremotionsontosomeoneelse,youimaginethattheyarefeelingthesamewayasyouwithoutunderstandingthatthisiswhatyouaredoing.
e.g.Heaccusesmeofbeingboredwiththerelationshipwhenallhe'sdoingisprojectinghisdissatisfactionontome!
3)v.tostickoutoveranedge.向外突出
e.g.Oneofthefeaturesofthehotelisthatitsdiningroomprojects(out)overthesea.
4.fit
[基本用法]
1)vi./vt.tobesuitablefor.(使)适合
e.g.Thisdressdoesn'tfitme.
Willyourkeyfitthelock?
Somepeoplethinkthepunishmentshouldalwaysfitthecrime.
2)vt.toputapieceofequipmentintoaplace,oranewpartontoamachine,sothatitisreadytobeused.安装
fitsomethingon/toetc.somethingelse
e.g.Ineedtofitalockonthebathroomdoor.
3)adj.适合的,恰当的
e.g.Idon'tthinkheisfitforthejob.
She'snotfittobeinchargeofsmallchildren.
4)adj.ingoodhealth,esp.asaresultofexercise;strong.身体健康的,结实的
e.g.beinafitcondition
She'sveryfitbecauseshedoesalotofballetdancing.
5)n.ashortexperienceofaslightillnessoranemotion.(一阵)发作
e.g.afitofcoughing
Ihitherinafitofanger.
[相关词]
fitfuladj.间歇的;一阵一阵的
e.g.Hesleptfitfully.他时睡时醒。
fitnessn.身体健康
e.g.They'redoingexercisestoimprovetheirfitness.
[相关搭配]
Keep-fitclass:
健身班
asfitasafiddle/flea:
身体极好
byfitsandstarts:
一阵一阵地;间歇地
fitlikeaglove:
非常合身
see/thinkfit(todosth.):
认为……恰当
e.g.It'syourresponsibility—youmustdoasyouseefit.
fitin:
(使)符合,适合,适应
e.g.Hisideasdidnotfitinwithouraims.
I'lltrytofitmyholidaysinwithyours.
fitup:
装备;装置
e.g.Wehadtofituponeofthebedroomsasanoffice.
5.range
[基本用法]
1)n.seriesofitemsfromwhichthecustomercanchoose.(商店内供出售的同类货品的)系列
e.g.Weofferawiderangeofsizesandrangeofstyles.
Tryournewrangeofbeautyproducts.
Thereisawide/broadrangeofopinionsonthisissue.
2)n.thelevelsorareaswithinortowhichsomethingislimited(变动范围,变化幅度)
e.g.Severalcarsareavailablewithinthispricerange.
Temperaturesareexpectedtobeintherangeof75to85degrees.
Theysaidthatparticularissuehadnotbeenwithintherangeoftheresearch.
3)v.(usually+adverborpreposition)toincludeavarietyofdifferentthingsorpeople(在某范围内变化)
①rangefromsth.to
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