国际经济学作业答案第九章Word文档格式.docx
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国际经济学作业答案第九章Word文档格式.docx
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(d)deadweightlossesforproducersandconsumerswilldecrease,hencedecreasingnationaleconomicwelfare.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
C
2.Theopportunitytoexploiteconomiesofscaleisoneofthegainstobemadefromremovingtariffsandothertradedistortions.Thesegainswillbefoundbyadecreasein
(a)worldpricesofimports.
(b)theconsumptiondistortionlosstriangle.
(c)theproductiondistortionlosstriangle.
(d)Both(b)and(c).
E
3.Itisarguedthatspecialinterestgroupsarelikelytotakeoverandpromoteprotectionistpolicies,whichmayleadtoanincreaseinnationaleconomicwelfare.Thisargumentleadsto
(a)apresumptionthatinpracticeafreetradepolicyislikelytobebetterthanalternatives.
(b)apresumptionthattradepolicyshouldbeshiftedtoNon-GovernmentalOrganizations,soastolimittaxpayerburden.
(c)apresumptionthatfreetradeisgenerallyasecond-bestpolicy,tobeavoidediffeasiblealternativesareavailable.
(d)apresumptionthatfreetradeisthelikelyequilibriumsolutionifthegovernmentallowsspecialinterestgroupstodictateitstradepolicy.
A
4.Theoptimumtariffis
(a)thebesttariffacountrycanobtainviaaWTOnegotiatedroundofcompromises.
(b)thetariff,whichmaximizesthetermsoftradegains.
(c)thetariff,whichmaximizesthedifferencebetweentermsoftradegainsandtermsoftradeloses.
(d)notpracticalforasmallcountryduetothelikelihoodofretaliation.
(e)notpracticalforalargecountryduetothelikelihoodofretaliation.
5.Theoptimumtariffismostlikelytoapplyto
(a)asmalltariffimposedbyasmallcountry.
(b)asmalltariffimposedbyalargecountry.
(c)alargetariffimposedbyasmallcountry.
(d)alargetariffimposedbyalargecountry.
B
6.Theprohibitivetariffisatariffthat
(a)issohighthatiteliminatesimports.
(b)issohighthatitcausesundueharmtotrade-partnereconomies.
(c)issohighthatitcausesundueharmtoimportcompetingsectors.
(d)issolowthatthegovernmentprohibitsitsusesinceitwouldloseanimportantrevenuesource.
7.Theexistenceofmarginalsocialbenefitswhicharenotmarginalbenefitsfortheindustryproducingtheimportsubstitutes
(a)isanargumentsupportingfreetradeandnon-governmentalinvolvement.
(b)isanargumentsupportingtheuseofanoptimumtariff.
(c)isanargumentsupportingtheuseofmarketfailuresasatrade-policystrategy.
(d)isanargumentrejectingfreetradeandsupportinggovernmentalinvolvement.
D
8.Thedomesticmarketfailureargumentisaparticularcaseofthetheoryof
(a)theoptimum,orfirst-best.
(b)thesecondbest.
(c)thethirdbest.
(d)thesufficingprinciple.
9.Thedifficultyofascertainingtherightsecond-besttradepolicytofollow
(a)reinforcessupportforthethird-bestpolicyapproach.
(b)reinforcessupportforincreasingresearchcapabilitiesofgovernmentagencies.
(c)reinforcessupportforabandoningtradepolicyasanoption.
(d)reinforcessupportforfree-tradeoptions.
10.Theauthorsofthetextbelievethat
(a)second-bestpolicyisworsethanoptimalpolicy.
(b)specialinterestgroupsgenerallyenhancenationalwelfare.
(c)nationalwelfareislikelytobeenhancedbytheimpositionofanoptimaltariff.
(d)marketFailureargumentstendtosupportfree-tradepolicy.
(e)thereisnosuchthingasnationalwelfare.
11.Thesimplemodelofcompetitionamongpoliticalpartieslongusedbypoliticalscientiststendstoleadtothepracticalsolutionofselectingthe
(a)optimaltariff.
(b)prohibitivetariff.
(c)zero(free-trade)tariff.
(d)thetariffratefavoredbythemedianvoter.
12.Themedianvotermodel
(a)workswellintheareaoftradepolicy.
(b)isnotintuitivelyreasonable.
(c)tendstoresultinbiasedtariffrates.
(d)doesnotworkwellintheareaoftradepolicy.
13.Thefactthattradepolicyoftenimposesharmonlargenumbersofpeople,andbenefitsonlyafewmaybeexplainedby
(a)thelackofpoliticalinvolvementofthepublic.
(b)the
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