七年制医科学生必修常用的医学英语词根词缀.docx

七年制医科学生必修常用的医学英语词根词缀.docx

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七年制医科学生必修常用的医学英语词根词缀

七年制医科学生必修常用的医学英语词根词缀

●a-not,without,less

●ab-  from,awayfrom,off

●abs-  from,awayfrom,off

●ad-  increase,adherence,motiontoward,very

●-ad  toward,inthedirectionof,-ward

●alge-  pain

●algesi-  pain

●algio-  pain

●algo-  pain

●ambi-  around,on（both）sides,onallsides,both

●amyl-  starch,polysaccharidenatureororigin

●amylo-  starch,polysaccharidenatureororigin

●an-  not,without,-less

●ana-  up,toward,apart

●ante-  before

●anti-  against,opposing;curative;anantibody

●apo-  separatedfrom,derivedfrom

●arteri-  artery

●arterio-  artery

●arthr-  ajoint,anarticulation

●arthro-  ajoint,anarticulation

●-ase  anenzyme

●-ate  asaltoresterofan“ic”acid

●aut-  self,same

●auto-  self,same

●bacteri-  bacteria

●bacterio-  bacteria

●bi-  twice,double

●bio-  life

●blasto-  buddingbycellsortissue

●bronch-  bronchus

●bronchi-  bronchus

●broncho-  bronchus

●carcin-  cancer

●carcino-  cancer

●cardi-  theheart;esophagealopeningofstomach

●cardio- theheart;esophagealopeningofstomach

●cata-  down

●cephal-  thehead

●cephalo-  thehead

●chem-  chemistry

●chemo-  chemistry

●chlor-  green;chlorine

●chloro-  green;chlorine

●chol-  bile

●chondrio-  cartilage;granular;gritty

●chrom-  color

●chromat-  color

●chromo-  color

●-cidal  killing,destroying

●-cide  killing,destroying

●cis-  onthisside,onthenearside

●co-  with,together,inassociation,very,complete

●col-  with,together,inassociation,very,complete

●com-  with,together,inassociation,very,complete

●con-  with,together,inassociation,very,complete

●cor-  with,together,inassociation,very,complete

●carni-  cranium

●cranio-  cranium

●cry-  cold

●cryo-  cold

●cycl-  acircle,acycle;theciliarybody

●cyst-  thebladder;thecysticduct;acyst

●cysti-  thebladder;thecysticduct;acyst

●cysto-  thebladder;thecysticduct;acyst

●cyt-  cell

●-cyte  cell

●cyto-  cell

●dactyl-  thefingers,thetoes

●dactylo-  thefingers,thetoes

●de-  awayfrom,cessation

●derm-  skin

●derma-  skin

●dermat-  skin

●dermato-  skin

●dermo-  skin

●dextr-  right,towardorontherightside

●dextro-  right,towardorontherightside

⏹separation,takingapart,reversal,not,un-

●dif-  separation,takingapart,reversal,not,un-

●dir-  separation,takingapart,reversal,not,un-

●dis-  separation,takingapart,reversal,not,un-

●duodeno-  theduodenum

●-dynia  pain

●dynamo-  force,energy

●dys-  bad,difficult

●ect-  outer,ontheoutside

●ecto-  outer,ontheoutside

●encephal-  thebrain

●encephalo-  thebrain

●end-  within,inner

●endo-  within,inner

●enter-  theintestines

●entero-  theintestines

●epi-  upon,following,subsequentto

●ergo-  work

●erythr-  red,redness

●erythro-  red,redness

●esthesio-  sensation,perception

●eu-  good,well

●ex-  outof,from,awayfrom

●exo-  exterior,external,outward

●extra-  without,outsideof

●ferri-  thepresenceinacompoundofaferricion

●ferro-  metalliciron,thedivalention（Fe 2+）

●fibr-  fiber

●fibro-  fiber

●-form  intheformorshapeof

●galact-  milk

●galacto-  milk

●-gen  producing,comingtobe;precursorof

●gloss-  thetongue

●glosso-  thetongue

●gluco-  glucose

●glyco-  sugars

●gnath-  thejaw

●gnatho-  thejaw

●-gram  arecording

●granul-  granular,granule

●granulo-  granular,granule

●-graph  arecordinginstrument

●gyn-  woman

●gyne-  woman

●gyneco-  woman

●gyno-  woman

●hem-  blood

●hema-  blood

●hemat-  blood

●hemato-  blood]

●hemi-  one-half

●hemo-  blood

●hepat-  theliver

●hepatico-  theliver

●hepato-  theliver

●hidr-  sweat

●hidro-  sweat

●hist-  tissue

●histio-  tissue

●histo-  tissue

●hydr-  water;hydrogen

●hydro-  water;hydrogen

●hyper-  excessive,abovenormal

●hypo-  beneath;diminution,deficiency;thelowest

●hyster-  uterus;hysteria;;late,following

●-ia  acondition

●-iasis  acondition,astate

●-ic  pertainingto

●-ics  organizedknowledge,practice,treatment

●ileo-  theileum（回肠）

●infra-  below

●inter-  between,among

●intra-  within

●irid-  theiris

●irido-  theiris

●ischi-  theischium（坐骨）

●ischio-  theischium

●-ism  condition,disease;apractice,doctrine

●-ismus  spasm;contraction

●iso-  equal,like;“isomerof”;sameness

●-ite  thenatureof,resembling

●-ites  -y,-like

●-itides  pluralof–itis

●-itis  inflammation（炎症）

●karyo-  nucleus

●kerat-  thecomea（角膜）

●kerato-  thecomea

●kin-  movement

●kine-  movement

●kinesi-  motion

●kinesio-  motion

●kineso-  motion

●kino-  movement

●lact-  milk

●lacti-  mile

●lacto-  milk

●laryng-  thelarynx（喉）

●laryngo-  thelarynx

●latero-  lateral,tooneside,aside

●-lepsis  aseizure

●-lepsy  seizure

●lepto-  light（轻）,slender（细）,thin（薄）,frail（弱）

●leuk-  white

●leuko-  white

●linguo-  tongue

●lip-  fat,lipid

●lipo-  fat,lipid

●lith-  astone,calculus,calcification

●litho-  astone,calculus,calcification

●-log  speech,words

●log-  speech,words

●-login  studyof;collecting

●logo-  speech,words

●-logy  studyof;collecting

●lymph-  lymph

●lympho-  lymph

●lys-  lysis,dissolution

●lyso-  lysis,dissolution

●macr-  large;long

●macro-  large;long

●mast-  breast

●masto-  breast

●meg-  large,oversize;onemillion

●mega-  large,oversize;onemillion

●megal-  large

●megalo-  large

●-megaly  large

●melan-  black

●melano-black

●mening-  meninges（脑脊膜）

●meningo-  meninges

●mes-  middle,mean,intermediacy;mesentery（肠系膜）

●meso-  middle,mean,intermediacy;mesentery

●meta-  after,behind;jointaction,sharing

●micr-  smallness;one-millionth;microscopic

●micro-  smallness;one-millionth;microscopic

●mon-  single

●mono-  single

●morph-  form,shape,structure

●morpho-  form,shape,structure

●myx-  mucus（粘液）

●myxo-  mucus

●necr-  death,necrosis

●necro-  death,necrosis

●nephr-   thekidney

●nephro-  thekidney

●neur-  anerve,thenervoussystem

●neuri-  anerve,thenervoussystem

●neuro-  anerve,thenervoussystem

●oculo-  eye,ocular

●odont-  tooth

●odonto-  tooth

●odyn-  pain

●odyno-  pain

●-oid  resemblanceto

●olig-  few,little

●oligo-  few,little

●-oma  tumor,neoplasm

●-omata  pluralof–oma

●oncho-  onco-

●onco- tumor,bulk,volume

●-one  aketone（-CO-酮）group

●onych-  fingernail（指甲）,toenail（趾甲）

●onycho-  fingernail,toenail

●egg,ovary（卵巢）

●oophor-  ovary

●oophoro-  ovary

●ophthalm-  theeye

●ophthalmo-  theeye

●orchi-  testis（睾丸）

●orchido-  testis

●orchio-  testis

●-oses  pluralof–osis

●-osis  process,condition,state

●ossi-  bone

●osseo-  bony

●ost-  bone

●oste-  bone

●osteo-  bone

●ovari-  ovary

●ovario-  ovary

●ovi-  egg

●ovo-  egg

●oxa-  thepresenceoradditionofoxygenatom（s）

●oxo-  additionofoxygen

●oxy-sharp;acid;acute;shrill;quick;oxygen

●pachy-  thick

●pan-  all,entire

●pant-  all,entire

●panto-  all,entire

●para-  abnormal;involvementoftwolikeparts

●path-  disease

●patho-  disease

●-pathy  disease

●ped-  child;foot

●pedi-  child;foot

●pedo-  child;foot

●-penia  deficiency

●per-  through,thoroughly,intensely

●peri-  around,about

●-pexy  fixation,usuallysurgical

●phaco-  lens-shaped;relationtoalens（晶状体，透镜）

●-phage  eating,devouring

●-phagia  eating,devouring

●phago-  eating,devouring

●-phagy  eating,devouring

●pharmaco-  drugs,medicine

●pharyng-  thepharynx（咽）

●pharyngo- thepharynx

●phleb-  vein

●phlebo-  vein

●phon-  sound,speech

●phono-  sound,speech

●phor-  carrying,bearing;acarrier,abearer;phoria（隐斜视）

●phoro-  carrying,bearing;acarrier,abearer;phoria

●phos-  light（光）

●phot-  light

●photo-  light

●phren-  diaphragm（横膈膜）;themind;phrenic（膈膜的，精神的）

●phreni-   diaphragm;themind;phrenic

●-phrenia  ofmind

●phrenico-   diaphragm;themind;phrenic

●phreno-   diaphragm;themind;phrenic

●physi-  physical;natural;thescienceofphysics

●physio-  physical;natural;thescienceofphysics

●physo-  tendencytoswellorinflate;air,gas

●phyt-  plants

●phyto-  plants

●-plasia  formation

●plasma-  plasma（血浆）

●plasmat-  plasma

●plasmato-  plasma

●plasmo-  plasma

●-plegia  paralysis（麻痹，瘫痪）

●pleur-  rib（肋骨）,side,pleura（胸膜，肋膜）

●pleura-  rib,side,pleura

●pleuro-  rib,side,pleura

●pluri-  several,more

●-pnea  breath,respiration

●pneo-  breath,respiration

●pneum-  air,gas;thelungs;breathing

●pneuma-  air,gas;thelungs;breathing

●pneumat-  air,gas;thelungs;breathing

●pneumato-  air,gas;thelungs;breathing

●pod-  foot,foot-shaped

●-pod  foot,foot-shaped

●podo-  foot,foot-shaped

●-poiesis  production

●post-  after,behind,posterior

●pre-  anterior,before

●pro-  before,forward;precursorof

●proct-  theanus（肛门）,therectum（直肠）

●procto-  theanus,therectum

●psych-  themind

●psyche-  themind

●psycho-  themind

●pyel-  （renal）pelvis（骨盆）：

肾盂

●pyelo-  （renal）pelvis

●pyo-  suppuration（化脓）,anaccumulationofpus,pus（脓）

●pyreto-  fever

●pyro-  fire,heat,fever

●rachi-  thespine

●rachio-  thespine

●radio-  radiation（辐射）,chieflyx-ray;radius（桡骨）

●re-  again,backward

●rect-  there