同济大学matlab课程练习题答案.docx
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同济大学matlab课程练习题答案.docx
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同济大学matlab课程练习题答案
同济大学matlab课程练习题答案
关晓飞
第一章初识matlab
题目1
x1=input('x1=');
x2=input('x2=');
x3=input('x3=');
x4=input('x4=');
x5=input('x5=');
x6=input('x6=');
x7=input('x7=');
a=x1/x5;
b=[x3/(x2-x1)]^0.85;
c=1-0.36*(x4/x2)^(-0.56);
d=2.62*c^1.5;
e=(x4/x2)^1.16;
f=[(1-d*e)/(x6*x7)]^0.5;
y=174.42*a*b*f
题目2
略
题目3
>>helplookfor
lookforSearchallMATLABfilesforkeyword.
lookforXYZlooksforthestringXYZinthefirstcommentline
(theH1line)oftheHELPtextinallMATLABfilesfoundonMATLABPATH
(includingprivatedirectories).Forallfilesinwhicha
matchoccurs,lookfordisplaystheH1line.
Forexample,"lookforinverse"findsatleastadozenmatches,
includingtheH1linescontaining"inversehyperboliccosine"
"two-dimensionalinverseFFT",and"pseudoinverse".
Contrastthiswith"whichinverse"or"whatinverse",whichrun
morequickly,butwhichprobablyfailtofindanythingbecause
MATLABdoesnotordinarilyhaveafunction"inverse".
lookforXYZ-allsearchestheentirefirstcommentblockof
eachMATLABfile.
Insummary,WHATliststhefunctionsinagivendirectory,
WHICHfindsthedirectorycontainingagivenfunctionorfile,and
lookforfindsallfunctionsinalldirectoriesthatmighthave
somethingtodowithagivenkeyword.
题目4
n=input('n=');
sum(1:
n)
prod(1:
n)
题目5
>>linspace(0,360,9)
ans=
04590135180225270315360
题目7
n=input('n=')
formatbank
n
第二章矩阵的建立
题目1.
spiral产生螺旋矩阵
例:
>>spiral(3)
ans=
789
612
543
题目2.
(1)
[12;34]+10-2i
ans=
11.0000-2.0000i 12.0000-2.0000i
13.0000-2.0000i 14.0000-2.0000i
(2)
[12;34].*[0.10.2;0.30.4]
ans=
0.1000 0.4000
0.9000 1.6000
(3)
[12;34].\[2010;92]
ans=
20.0000 5.0000
3.0000 0.5000
(4)
exp([12;34]) %自然对数的1、2、3、4乘方
ans=
2.7183 7.3891
20.0855 54.5982
(5)
[12;34].^2
ans=
1 4
9 16
(6)
sum([12;34])
ans=
4 6
(7)
prod([12;34]) %每一列的所有行相加
ans=
3 8
(8)
[a,b]=min([1020;3040]) %a代表每一列的最小值,b代表该值所在的行数
a=
10 20
b=
1 1
(9)
abs([12;34]-pi) %绝对值
ans=
2.1416 1.1416
0.1416 0.8584
(10)
linspace(3,4,5) %生成3到4均匀的5个数
ans=
3.0000 3.2500 3.5000 3.7500 4.0000
(11)
A=[12;34];sort(A(:
2)) %提取第2列
ans=
2
4
题目3.
A=[1,2,3,4;4,3,2,1;2,3,4,1;3,2,4,1]
A=
1 2 3 4
4 3 2 1
2 3 4 1
3 2 4 1
A(5,6)=5
A=
1 2 3 4 0 0
4 3 2 1 0 0
2 3 4 1 0 0
3 2 4 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 5
题目4
示例:
A=[3-1;-13]
A=
3 -1
-1 3
[X,D]=eig(A)
X=
-0.7071 -0.7071
-0.7071 0.7071
D=
2 0
0 4
题目5
A=
3 -1
-1 3
2^A
ans=
10 -6
-6 10
2.^A
ans=
8.0000 0.5000
0.5000 8.0000
题目6
(1)
A=magic(6)
A=
35 1 6 26 19 24
3 32 7 21 23 25
31 9 2 22 27 20
8 28 33 17 10 15
30 5 34 12 14 16
4 36 29 13 18 11
c=A(2,1)
c=
3
(2)
t=2:
2:
6;
B=A(t,:
);
B
B=
3 32 7 21 23 25
8 28 33 17 10 15
4 36 29 13 18 11
(3)
A(:
[end,2:
end-1,1])
ans=
24 1 6 26 19 35
25 32 7 21 23 3
20 9 2 22 27 31
15 28 33 17 10 8
16 5 34 12 14 30
11 36 29 13 18 4
(4)
A(:
[13456])
ans=
35 6 26 19 24
3 7 21 23 25
31 2 22 27 20
8 33 17 10 15
30 34 12 14 16
4 29 13 18 11
题目7
ones(4,5)
ans=
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
rand(3,4)
ans=
0.8147 0.9134 0.2785 0.9649
0.9058 0.6324 0.5469 0.1576
0.1270 0.0975 0.9575 0.9706
>>eye(3)
ans=
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
题目8
A=[0:
99];A=reshape(A,10,10)
A=
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91
2 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 92
3 13 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93
4 14 24 34 44 54 64 74 84 94
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95
6 16 26 36 46 56 66 76 86 96
7 17 27 37 47 57 67 77 87 97
8 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98
9 19 29 39 49 59 69 79 89 99
A=magic(3)
题目9
A=
8 1 6
3 5 7
4 9 2
A(2,:
)=A(2,:
)*2
A=
8 1 6
6 10 14
4 9 2
A(1,:
)=A(1,:
)+A(3,:
)*(-2)
A=
0 -17 2
6 10 14
4 9 2
题目10
A=[1,3,5;5,8,3;6,1,6];B=[3,6;9,5;8,2];C=[3,3,9;4,0,6];D=[2:
6];
[A,B]
ans=
1 3 5 3 6
5 8 3 9 5
6 1 6 8 2
[A;C]
ans=
1 3 5
5 8 3
6 1 6
3 3 9
4 0 6
[A,B;D]
ans=
1 3 5 3 6
5 8 3 9 5
6 1 6 8 2
2 3 4 5 6
A=ones(6,7)
A=
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
题目11
fori=1:
6
forj=1:
7
A(i,j)=i+j;
end
end
A
A=
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
%本题还有多种方法
第三章符号计算
题目1
略
题目2
>>sym('0,3')
ans=
0.3
>>sym(0.3)%符号工具箱得出更精确的解
ans=
3/10
题目3
>>symsxs
>>f=x^5+3*x^4+4*x^3+2*x^2+3*x+6;g=(s-1)/(s+1);
>>f(x)=compose(f,g,x,s)
f(x)=
(3*(s-1))/(s+1)+(2*(s-1)^2)/(s+1)^2+(4*(s-1)^3)/(s+1)^3+(3*(s-1)^4)/(s+1)^4+(s-1)^5/(s+1)^5+6
>>simplify(f(x))
ans=
19-(72*s^4+120*s^3+136*s^2+72*s+16)/(s+1)^5
题目4
>>sum(sym
(2).^[1:
64])
ans=
230
题目5
f=sym('cos(4*a)-4*cos(2*a)+3');simplify(f)
ans=
8*sin(a)^4
题目6
>>f=sym('(3*x+2/3)^10');expand(f)
ans=
59049*x^10+131220*x^9+131220*x^8+77760*x^7+30240*x^6+8064*x^5+(4480*x^4)/3+(5120*x^3)/27+(1280*x^2)/81+(5120*x)/6561+1024/59049
所以系数最大的项是131220*x^9和131220*x^8
题目7
>>symsax
>>factor(a*(sin(x))^2-(2*a^2-a+1)*sin(x)+2*a-1)
ans=
(sin(x)-2*a+1)*(a*sin(x)-1)
第四章极限与导数
题目1
(1)
>>symsx;lim1=limit([cos(x)-exp(-x^2/2)]/x^4,x,0)
lim1=
-1/12
(2)
>>symsxt;lim2=limit((1+2*t/x)^3*x,x,inf)
lim2=
Inf+imag(t)*6*i
(3)
>>symsx;lim3=limit(1/x,x,0,'right')
Lim3=
Inf
(4)
>>symsx;lim4=limit((2^x-log(2^x)-1)/(1-cos(x)),x,0)
Lim4=
log
(2)^2
题目2
>>symsx;lim=limit((exp(x)-1-x)/x^2,x,0)
lim=
1/2
题目3
>>symsx;lim=limit(x^0.5-2^(-1/x),x,0,'right')
lim=
0
题目4
>>symsx;lim=limit(atan(x)/(1+x^2),x,pi,'left')
lim=
atan(pi)/(pi^2+1)
题目5
>>y=7*x^3-2*x+3;z=diff(y,2);x=1;eval(z)
ans=
42
题目6
>>symsxy;z=exp(x)*sin(2*y)+log(x)*cos(2*y);f=diff(z,y)
f=
2*cos(2*y)*exp(x)-2*sin(2*y)*log(x)
题目7
>> symsxyt;x=t^2*sin(t);y=2*t*cos(t);f=diff(y)/diff(x)
f=
(2*cos(t)-2*t*sin(t))/(t^2*cos(t)+2*t*sin(t))
题目8
>>symsx;lim=limit((3^x+9^x)^(1/x),x,inf)
lim=9
题目9
>> symsx;lim=limit((1+x)^(1/x),x,0)
lim=
exp
(1)
题目10
>>symsx;y=[(x-1)*(x-2)/(x-3)/(x-4)]^0.5;f1=diff(y,1),f2=diff(y,2),f3=diff(y,3)
f1=
((x-1)/((x-3)*(x-4))+(x-2)/((x-3)*(x-4))-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)))/(2*(((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)))^(1/2))
f2=
(2/((x-3)*(x-4))-(2*(x-1))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-(2*(x-1))/((x-3)^2*(x-4))-(2*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-(2*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4))+(2*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^3)+(2*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)^2)+(2*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^3*(x-4)))/(2*(((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)))^(1/2))-((x-1)/((x-3)*(x-4))+(x-2)/((x-3)*(x-4))-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)))^2/(4*(((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)))^(3/2))
f3=
(3*((x-1)/((x-3)*(x-4))+(x-2)/((x-3)*(x-4))-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)))^3)/(8*(((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)))^(5/2))-(6/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)+6/((x-3)^2*(x-4))-(6*(x-1))/((x-3)*(x-4)^3)-(6*(x-1))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)^2)-(6*(x-1))/((x-3)^3*(x-4))-(6*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^3)-(6*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)^2)-(6*(x-2))/((x-3)^3*(x-4))+(6*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^4)+(6*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)^3)+(6*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^3*(x-4)^2)+(6*(x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^4*(x-4)))/(2*(((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)))^(1/2))-(3*((x-1)/((x-3)*(x-4))+(x-2)/((x-3)*(x-4))-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-((x-1)*(x-2))/((x-3)^2*(x-4)))*(2/((x-3)*(x-4))-(2*(x-1))/((x-3)*(x-4)^2)-(2*(x-1))/((x-3)^2*(x-4))-(2*(x-2))/((x-
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