届高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析.docx
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届高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析.docx
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届高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
EastYorkshirehastypicalunpredictableBritishweather.Soherearesomeideastokeepeverybodyhappywhentheweatherisnotthemostideal.
William'sDen,NorthCave
Theoutdoorandindoorareasaresuitableforchildrenofallagestohavefun.Thereareneststoexplore,ropebridgestocross,atree-houseandaslide.TheattachedKitchenprovidesfreshfoodmadefromlocallysourcedingredientsservingaselectionoftreats.
EastRidingLeisureCentres
Knownforafunlearnerpoolalongsideanincrediblefunzonewithtwoslidesaswell,itisperfectforkidstofindtheirfeetinthewater,havefunandexplore.Its6climbingwallsofferadifferentchallengeoneach.Thisplaceissuitableforanyoneovertheageof4andyoucanrefuelatcafewithfreshfood,snacksandcakes.
SewerbyHallandGardens
Whentheweather’snotsure,takecoverintheHallandlearnhowlifewasintheearly1900’sfortheresidentsandworkersofthehouse.Thenexplorethezooandmeetthepigs,parrotsandpenguins!
Kidsofallagesarewelcome.
WithernseaLighthouse
There’snolimitationtotheageofkidstoclimbWithernseaLighthouse,whichis144stepstothetop,withfullviewsoftheEastYorkshireCoastatthetopofit.Enjoythemuseumonthegroundfloorandlearnwhatlifeislikeworkingandlivinginalighthouse.Thesouvenirshopprovidesattractivegiftsforvisitorsatafairprice.
1.Whichoneisunsuitableforkidsofallages?
A.William’sDen,NorthCave.B.EastRidingLeisureCentres.
C.SewerbyHallandGardens.D.WithernseaLighthouse.
2.Wherecankidsenjoyfood?
A.InWilliam’sDen,NorthCaveandSewerbyHallandGardens.
B.InEastRidingLeisureCentresandWithernseaLighthouse
C.InWilliam’sDen,NorthCaveandEastRidingLeisureCentres.
D.InSewerbyHallandGardensandWithernseaLighthouse.
3.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?
A.Ageographytextbook.B.Asciencereport.C.Afinancemagazine.D.Atravelbrochure.
B
Bymid-centurytherewilllikelybe9billionpeopleontheplanet,usingevermoreresourcesandleadingevermoretechnologicallycomplexlives.Whatwillourcitiesbelike?
Howmuchwillartificialintelligence(AI)advance?
Willglobalwarmingcausedisastrouschanges,orwillwebeabletoengineerourwayoutoftheclimatechangeissues?
Recently,themagazineBigThinkaskedtopmindsfromavarietyoffieldstoweighinonwhatthefutureholds40yearsfromnow.Theresultisasfollows.
It'slikelythatby2050themajorityofthepeopleintheworldwillliveinurbanareasandwillhaveamuchhigheraverageagethanpeopletoday.CitiestheoristRichardthinksurbanizationwilltransformtheeducationsystemof,makingoureconomylesshousesdrivenandremovingthedivisionsbetweenhomeandwork.
Andrapidlyadvancingtechnologywillcontinueevermorerapidly.Citiesofthefuturewon'tlooklike“somesortofscience-fictionfantasy”,butit'slikelythattechnologicaladvancesandinformationoverlays(VRandAR)willgreatlychangehowwelive.Self-drivingcarswillmaketheroadssaferandprovidefastertransports.Alargerversionofdriverlesscars-driverlesstrucks—maymakelong-distancedriversoutofdate.
Somelongviewpredictionsarecompletelydire.EnvironmentalistBillsaysthatifwedon'tmakegreatprogressinfightingglobalwarming,it'slikelywecouldseeout-of-controlrisesinsealevels,hugecropshortfallsandwarsoverlimitedfreshwaterresources.
Intermsofhowwewilleat,greenmarketsfounderand“realfood"supporterNinabelievesthattherewillbemoresmallmilkprocessingplantsandmoreregionalfoodoperationsandwe'llbehealthierasaresult.NewYorkTimeswriterMarkthinksthatpeoplewilleatfewerprocessedfoodsandeatfoodsgrownclosertowheretheylive.Andmorepeoplewillbeawareoftheethicalresponsibility"togrowfoods.
4.Whatmayhappenby2050basedonthemagazineBigThink?
A.Educationwillbedrivenbyeconomy.B.Themajorityofpeoplewillbetaller.
C.AIwillcausedisastrouschanges.D.Mostpeoplewillliveinbigcities.
5.WhatdoweknowabouttechnologyinthefutureaccordingtoParagraph3?
A.Itwillmakepeopleliveinscience-fictionfantasy.
B.Itwillensuresafertransportsduetofastercars.
C.Itwillgreatlychangethewayinwhichpeoplelive.
D.Itwillincreasethenumberoflong-distancedrivers.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dire"inParagraph4mean?
A.Magical.B.Terrible.C.Ridiculous.D.Meaningful.
7.WhatdoesNinathinkoffoodsinthefuture?
A.Peoplewilleathealthierandfresherfoods.
B.Land-raisedfarmsystemswillbeimproved.
C.Therewillbesmallerregionalfoodoperations,
D.Foodsupplieswillbecomemuchmorelimited.
C
Whatisthesecretofhappiness?
Anewstudyfindsthathappinesscomesfromexercise.Peoplewhoexerciseactivelybringthemselveshappinessequaltoearninganextra$25,000ayear.
Insteadofrecordingextrahoursatworkinhopesofgettingaraise,maybeyoushouldhitthegyminstead,asitcouldmakeyoujustashappyasthatextramoney.Aninterestingnewstudy,publishedintheLancet,foundthatpeoplewhoarephysicallyactivehaveagreatersenseofwell—beingthanthosewhoareinactive-andthatactiveindividualsfeelasgoodasinactivepeoplewhoearn$25,000moreperyear.
ResearchersfromOxfordandYaleUniversitiesuseddatagatheredfrommorethan1.2milionAmericans.Theywereasked,“Howmanytimeshaveyoufeltmentallyunwellinthepast30days.forexample,duetostress,depression,oremotionalproblems?
”Participantswerealsoaskedabouttheirexercisehabitsandwereabletochoosefrom75diversephysicalactivities,includingdoinghouseworkandchildcare,running,weightlifting,andcycling.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoexerciseregularlyfeelbadforanaverageof35daysperyear,whileinactivepeoplefeelbadforanadditional18days.
Allexercisetypeswereassociatedwithalowermentalhealthburden.Socialphysicalactivities(thatistosay,teamsportssuchasfootball,basketball,etc)hadanevenmorepositiveeffect,whichcanbesthelppeoplerelaxmind.
Itispossibleforsometogettoomuchexercise.FromBusinessInsider'sreportonthestudy.“Thementalhealthofthoseparticipantswhoexercisedforlongerthanthreehoursadaysufferedmorethanthatofthosewhoweren'tparticularlyphysicallyactive.”Theidealamountseemstobethreetofivetrainingsessionsperweek.lasting30to60minuteseach.
Buttheconclusionshouldbethatanyamounthelps,sodon'tstressabouthittingthatperfectbalance:
“Allexercisetypeswereassociatedwithalowermentalhealthburdenthannotexercising.”
8.ThequestionaskedinParagraphoneismeantto______.
A.introducetheresearchersB.tellthesecret
C.drawaconclusionD.leadtothetopic
9.Whichexercisebelowcanhelpusrelaxmindmosteffectively?
A.RunningB.Walkingalone.C.PlayingfootballD.Keepingfitinthegym.
10.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat______.
A.peoplewhoexerciseactivelymayfeelbadforabout35daysperyear.
B.Themoreexerciseyoutake,thehighermentalhealthburdenyouwillget.
C.overdoingexercisingwilldoharmtopeople'smentalhealth.
D.doingexerciseisbetterthannotdoingit.
11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Exercisecanbringasmuchpleasureasanincomerise.
B.Thesecretofhappinesshasnothingtodowithwealth.
C.Choosingtherightformofexerciseisofvitalimportance.
D.Thekeytokeepyoungistoexerciseregularly.
D
Comparedtodogs,catsareoftenconsideredtobealoof(冷漠的)withrespecttotheirhumanowners.Itisusualforthemtobeindifferent(无动于衷的)whenhumanscalltheirnames.Arewesurethattheydon’tunderstandhumanvoicesatall?
ArecentstudypublishedinthejournalofScientificReportssuggeststhatwe’vebeenfooled.Japanesescientistsfoundthatcatscanrecognizetheirnamesiftheirownersregularlyusethem.Inthestudy,scientistsrecruited78domesticcats.Theyplayedrecordingsofvoicesoftheirownerssayingfivewords:
thefirstfourwordswererandomnounsthatresembledtheirnameswhilethefinalwordwasthecat’sname.Thentheyobservedthecats’responses,iftherewereany.
Mostofcatsmovedtheirearsorheadswhentheyheardtheirnames,whiletheymadenoresponsetootherwords.Thatsuggested,“catswerepayingattentiontoyou,whatyousayandwhatyoudo,”JohnBradshaw,anexpertonhuman-animalinteractions(互动)attheUniversityofBristol,UK,toldTheTimes.“Andcatswerejustasgoodasdogsatlearning,”sheadded.
Inthestudy,whenpeoplecalledtheirnames,catsoftenassociated(联系)thewordswithrewards,suchasfoodorplay,orwith“punishments”suchashavingabathorgoingtothevet.Thismadecatssensitive(敏感的)towords.Afterthecatshadbeencalledseveraltimes,theycouldrespondtothewords.Butthescientistsaddedthatwhiledogshaveevolved(进化)tofollowtheirowners’orders,catshavenot.Althoughcatsappeartobedistant,theydohavespecialrelationshipswiththeirowners.
Accordingtostudyco-authorAtsukoSaito,catshaveevolvednottoshowtheiremotionsasasurvivalmethod.Oneexampleisillness,whichtheytendtohidebecause“inthewild,noonecanrescuethem”andpredators(捕食性动物)aremorelikelytopayattentiontothem,Saitoexplained.
However,technologymayhelpbridgethecommunicationgapbetweencatsandus.Therearenowmobileappsavailabletoexplainwhattheirmeowsmean.So,thenexttimeyouhear“meow,meow”,yourcatmaybetellingyou:
“Hi,youhaven’tcleanedmylitterboxrecen
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