ACCAP2AccountingStandards会计准则整理.docx
- 文档编号:28428058
- 上传时间:2023-07-13
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:13
- 大小:20.31KB
ACCAP2AccountingStandards会计准则整理.docx
《ACCAP2AccountingStandards会计准则整理.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ACCAP2AccountingStandards会计准则整理.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
ACCAP2AccountingStandards会计准则整理
IAS810121718192021283637384041
IFRS259101113
Theobjectiveofgeneralpurposefinancialreporting
Theobjectiveofgeneralpurposefinancialreportingisprovidingfinancialinfoofthereportingentitythatisusefultoexistingorpotentialinvestors,lendersandothercreditorsformakingdecisionaboutprovidingresourcestotheentity.Thedecisionwillinvolvebuying,sellingandholdingequityanddebtinstrumentoftheentity,providingorsettlingloansorotherformofcredit.
QualitativeCharacteristics
Fundamental:
relevance:
predictivevalue,confirmatoryvalueandmateriality
faithfulrepresentation:
financialinfo.Shouldbeneutralcompleteandfreefromerror
Enhancing:
Comparability:
consistency
Verifiability:
faithfullyrepresenteconomicphenomena
Timeliness:
havinginfointime
Understandability:
clearandconcisely,complexphenomenashouldnotbeexcludedoutthereports(otherwiseincompleteandmisleading)
Theelementsoffinancialstatements
Asset--resourcecontrolledbytheentityasaresultofpasteventsandfromwhichfutureeconomicbenefitsareexpectedtoflowintotheentity
Liability--presentobligationoftheentityasaresultofpasteventsandthesettlementofwhichisexpectedtoresultinanoutflowfromtheentityofresourcesembodyingeconomicbenefits
Equity--theresidualinterestofassetsafterdeductingtotalliabilityoftheentity
Income--increaseofeconomicbenefitsintheaccountingperiodintheformofinflows,enhancementofassetsordecreaseofliabilitiesthatresultinincreaseofequity,otherthanthoserelatingtocontributionsfromequityparticipants
Expense--decreaseofeconomicbenefitsintheaccountingperiodintheformofoutflows,decreaseofassetsorincreaseofliabilitiesthatresultindecreaseofequity,otherthanthoserelatingtodistributionstoequityparticipants
IAS12Currenttax
Deferredtaxistaxattributabletotemporarydifference,whicharedifferencebetweenthecarryingamountofassetsandliabilitiesintheSOFPandtaxbase.
DeductibletemporarydifferencegenerateaDTA.
TaxabletemporarydifferencegenerateaDTL.
Groupfinancialstatements
1.Fairvalueadjustment
2.Undistributedprofit
Asubsidiary’sprofitsarerecognisedintheCSFbutmaysubjecttoadditionaltaxwhenremittedtotheparent’staxregimeasdividendincome.
TheparentshouldrecogniseaDTLunless
1)theparentinvestororventurecancontrolthetimingofthereversaloftemporarydifference,or
2)Itisprobablethattemporarydifferencewillnotreverseintheforeseeablefuture
3.Unrealisedprofit
Adeferredtaxassetisrecognizedinthereceivingcompany
Recognition
ADTAandDTLshouldberecognisedforalldeductibleortaxabletemporarydifference,unlesstheyarisefrom:
1)theinitialrecognitionofg/w
2)Therecognitionofanassetorliabilityinatransactionwhich
Isnotabizcombination
Atthetimeoftransaction,Iaffectsneitheraccountingprofitnortaxableprofit
Measurement
1.TheDTAandDTLaremeasuredattaxratesexpectedtoapplyintheperiodwhenthetaxassetrealisedandliabilitysettled,basedonthetaxratethathasbeenenactedbytheyearendofreportingperiod
2.DTAandDTLshouldn’tbediscounted
3.DTAcanonlyberecognizedtotheextentthatitisprobablethattaxableprofitsareavailableagainstwhichthedeductibletemporarydifferencecanbeutilized.
Presentation
DTLandDTAcanonlybeoffsetonlywhen
1.theentityhasalegallyenforceablerighttooffsettheDTAagainstDTL
2.Thedeferredtaxassetandliabilityrelatestoincometaxesleviedbythesametaxauthority
IAS17Lease
Financialleaseisaleasewherethelessortransferssubstantiallyrisksandrewardsincidenttotheownershipoftheleasedassettothelessee.Titlemayormaynotbetransferredattheendoftheleaseterm.
Indicatorsoffinancelease:
1.Theleasetermisthemajorpartoftheeconomicusefullife(>75%)
2.ThePVofminimumleasepaymentissubstantiallyproportionofthefairvalueoftheasset
3.Thetitlewillbetransferredtothelesseeattheendoftheleaseterm
4.Thelesseecanbuytheassetatasignificantlylowpricecomparedtoitsvalue
5.Theassetisspecificforthelessee’susewithoutmajormodification
Accountingtreatment:
Capitalizeassetandrecognizeliability
Asset:
depreciatedovertheshortertermofleasetermandeconomicusefullife
Liability:
amortizedcost
Currentissue
ThedifferenceoftheaccountingtreatmentbetweenfinanceleaseandoperatingleasehassignificantimpactonthefinancialperformanceofFSs,especiallyonthegearingratio,ROCEandinterestcover.IthasbeenarguedthatthetreatmentofoperatingleaseisinconsistentwiththedefinitionofassetsandliabilitiesinIASB’sConceptualFramwork.ThereisincreasingcallforthecapitalisationofoperatingleaseonthegroundsthattheymeetthedefinitionofassetsandliabilitiesinIASB’sConceptualFramwork..
Leasewithin12months
SameasthetreatmentofoperatingleaseunderIAS17
Leaseoutof12months
TypeAlease
Wherethelesseeconsumesmorethaninsignificantamountofeconomicbenefitoftheassets(vehicle,equippment)
Itreflectsthefinancenatureofthetransactionandconsumptionofdepreciatingassets
Drrightofuseasset
Crliability
(PVofthelesepaymentandexpectedresidualvalueguaranteevalue,discountedattheratelessorchargeslessee)
TypeBlease
Wherethelesseeconsumesnotmorethaninsignificantamountofeconomicbenefitoftheunderlyingasset(property)
Reflectsthatpropertyhasalongusefullifeandthelessorlooktoearnayieldratherthanthelender’sreturn
Drrightofuseasset
Crliability
IAS18Revenue
Revenueisthatwhatarisesfromthenormalcourseofbiz,suchassaleofgoodsorservices,dividendroyalties.
Saleofgoods
Recognitioncriteria
1.It’sprobablethattheeconomicbenefitwillflowintotheentity
2.Thecostincurredcanbeemeasuredreliably
3.Revenuecanbemeasuredreliably
4.Transfersubstantialriskandrewardsofownershipofthegoodstothebuyer
5.Maintainnocontinuingmanagerialinvolvementnoreffectivecontroloverthegoodssold
Renderofservice
1It’sprobablethattheeconomicbenefitwillflowintotheentity
2Thecostincurredcanbeemeasuredreliably
3Revenuecanbemeasuredreliably
4Stageofcompletioncanbemeasuredreliably
Ifthestagecannotbemeasuredreliably,therevenuecanonlyberecognizedtotheextentthatthecostincurredcanberecovered.
Currentdevelopment-SOFPApproach
1.Identifycontract
2.Identifyperformanceobligation
3.Determinetransactionprice
4.Allocatetransactionpricetoperformanceobligation
5.Recognizerevenuewhenperformanceobligationsatisfied
IAS21Theeffectsofchangesinforeignexchangerate
Functionalcurrencyisthecurrencyoftheprimaryenvironmentinwhichtheentityopeartes.
Determinationfactor
1.mainlyinfluencesthesalepriceofgoodsorservicesprovided
2.Ofthecountrywhosecompetitiveforcesandregulationsmainlyinfluencethepriceofgoodsorservicesprovided
3.Mainlyinfluencecostofthelabor,materialandothercostincurredwhenprovidinggoodsorservices
4.Thecurrencyinwhichfundsfromfinancingactivityaregenerated
5.Thecurrencyinwhichreceiptsfromoperatingactivitiesareusuallyretained
IAS28Associate
Anassociateisanentityoverwhichtheinvestorhassignificantinfluence.
Significantinfluenceisthepowertoparticipatethefinancialandoperatingpolicydecisionsoftheinvesteebutisnotcontrolonorjointlycontrolonthosepolicies.
Thiscouldbeshownby:
RepresentationintheBODofdirectors
Interchangeofmanagementpersonnel
Provideessentialtechnologyinfo
Participatethedecisionmakingofpolicy
Materialtransactionbetweentheentityandtheinvestee
IAS37Provision,contingentliabilityandasset
Provionisliabilityofuncertaintimingoramount.
Recognition
1.thereisapresentobligationasaresultofpastevents
2.Itisprobablethateconomicbenefitswillflowoutoftheentitytosettletheobligation
3.Theamountcanbemeasuredreliably
Measurement
Generally
Iftheprovisioninvolvesalargepopulationofmeasures-----expectedvalues
Singleobligation-------thebestestimate,mostlikelyoutcome
Discountingofprovision----timevalueofmoneyismaterial
Discountrate:
pre-taxrateandappropriatelyreflectstheriskassociatedwithcashflow
Anassetwillonlyberecognisedwherethepresentobligationrecognisedasprovisiongivesaccesstofutureeconomicbenefits
Contingentliabilityiseither
(a)apossibleobligationarisingfrompasteventswhoseexsitencewillbeonlyconfirmedbytheocurrenceofoneormoreuncertainfutureeventsnotwhollywithinthecontroloftheentity.
(b)apresentobligationthatarisesfrompasteventsbutisnotrecognizedbecause
1.theamountcannotbemeasuredreliablyor
2.Itisnotprobablethateconomicbenefitswillflowoutoftheentitytosettletheobligation
Disclosure
Discloseduntilthepossibilityofanoutflowofeconomicbenefitsisremote
Descriptionofnature,estimateoffinancialeffect,thepossibilityofanyreimbursement.theindicationofuncertaintiesrelatingtoamountortimingofanyoutflow
Contingentliability
apossibleassetarisingfrompasteventswhoseexsitencewillbeonlyconfirmedbytheocurrenceofoneormoreuncertainfutureeventsnotwhollywithinthecontroloftheentity.
Disclosurewillrerequiredwhenitisprobable.
Restructuringplan
Aconstructiveobligationwillariseonlywhen:
1.thereisadetailedformalplanand
2.Thereisavalidexpectationthatitwillcarryouttherestructuringplanraisedinthoseaffectedbystartingtoimplementormakinga
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- ACCAP2AccountingStandards 会计准则 整理