Unit 4Save the trees.docx
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Unit 4Save the trees.docx
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Unit4Savethetrees
Unit4Savethetrees
I.Words
W1.savev.拯救;储蓄;贮存
safeadj.安全的safelyadv.安全地safetyn.安全
≈rescuev.拯救
savemoney存钱savewater节水
e.g.Hesavedtheboyfromthefire.
Hesavedalotofmoney.
Let’ssavetheEarthtogetherbecauseitisindanger(处于危险之中).
W2.pinen.松树v.渴望(pinetodosth.渴望做某事)
pinetree松树pinenut松子pinecone松球pineneedle松针squirreln.松鼠
pineapplen.菠萝
e.g.Thehilliscoveredwithpines.
Sheispiningtotravelabroad.
W3.discussv.讨论
≈talkabout谈论;讨论
discussionn.讨论;商讨
discusssth.讨论某事
discusssth.withsb.与某人讨论某事
discussdongsth.讨论做某事
havea(hot)discussionabout/onsth.对某事进行(热烈的)讨论
e.g.Idiscussedtheproblemwithmyparents.
Wehadaninterestingdiscussionaboutphilosophy.
同义句:
Wearediscussingthematterwiththeteachers.=Wearehavingadiscussionabout/onthematterwiththeteachers.
W4.branchn.树枝;分公司;分店;分行;分支(pl.branches)
abranchofariver河的支流
e.g.Weoftencutsomebranchesoffthetreesinourcityinearlyspring.
Thebankhasbranchesalloverthecountry.
Birdsareonthebranches.
W5.rootn.根
theroot根源;基础
rooter拉拉队员
therootofaplant植物的根
therootofatooth牙根
pullupbytheroots连根拔起
takearoot生根
removeadiseaserootandbranch彻底治疗疾病
e.g.Treesneedrootstotakeinwaterandfoodfromthesoil(土壤).
Let’sgettotherootofthismatter.
W6.fightv.与……作斗争;打架;战斗;争吵;争取
fight-fought-fought
fightern.战士;斗士
区别:
flightn.航班frightn.惊吓
fightanenemy打敌人
fightthefire救火
fightabattle打仗
fight用法:
(1)fightfor后面一般接抽象名词(如自由、真理、权利等):
e.g.Theyarefightingforfreedom.
(2)fightagainst后面接事物名词或人和国家名词:
e.g.Theyfoughtagainsttheenemies.
(3)fightwith后面接人或国家名词,表示“同……并肩战斗”:
e.g.TheyfoughtwiththeItaliansinthelastwar,buttheyfoughtagainsttheminthis.
W7.againstprep.反对
≠forprep.赞成
e.g.Weareforpeaceandagainstwar.
Manypeopleareagainsttheplan.
against其它用法:
(1)against表示“靠;倚”:
e.g.Iputtheladder(梯子)againstthewall.
(2)against表示“防止;预防”:
e.g.Haveyouhadaninjectionagainstthedisease?
(3)against表示“撞击;碰着”:
e.g.Hehitagainstatree.
Rainbeatsagainstthewindow.
W8.examplen.例子
=instancen.例子;实例
forexample(举众多例子中的其中一个)
forinstance(举出一个实例,一个事实)
suchas(举多个例子)
e.g.Thisdictionarygivesmanyexamplesofhowwordsareusedinsentences.
Therearejobsmoredangerousthantruckdriving;forinstance,traininglions.
Ihavebeentomanyplaces,suchasBeijing,ShanghaiandShenzhen.
W9.harmfuladj.有害的
≠harmlessadj.无害的
harmfullyadv.有害地≠harmlesslyadv.无害地
harmn./v.伤害;损害;危害
e.g.Thesechemicalsharmtheenvironment.
Makesurethechildrendon’tcometoanyharm.
dosb.harm=doharmtosb.=beharmfultosb.对某人有害;损害某人
beharmlesstosb.对某人无害
e.g.Strongsunlightcanbeharmfultoyourbaby.
Harmfulgasisbadforus.
W10.gasn.气体;汽油【美】;毒气v.加油
liquidn.液体solidn.固体
steponthegas踩油门turnonthegas开煤气;开始吹牛turnoffthegas关煤气;停止吹牛
e.g.Hydrogen(氢气)andoxygen(氧气)aregases.
Gashashardlyanyweight.
W11.producev.产生;生产
productn.产品;制品
productionn.生产;制作;产品
e.g.Thefactoryproducescars.
Thecompanyhasjustlaunchedanewproduct.
Thebiggerproblemiscostofproduction.
W12.oxygenn.氧气
oxygenmask氧气罩
produceoxygen生产氧气
e.g.Weneedoxygentobreathe.
W13.majoradj.主要的n.专业;主要科目v.主修
≈mainadj.主要的≠minoradj.次要的
majorityn.多数;法定年龄;成年
majorroad要道amajoroperation大手术amajorparty主要政党amajorillness严重疾病
e.g.Thereareairportsinallthemajorcities.
Themajorpartofthetownwasruined(变成废墟)bytheearthquake.
同义句:
Mathsismymajor.=MymajorisMaths.=ImajorinMaths.
W14.convenientadj.方便的
conveniencen.方便;便利convenientlyadv.方便地≠inconvenientadj.不方便的
aconvenienttime方便的时间aconvenientplace合适的地方aconvenientstore便利店
e.g.Let’smeetonFriday.What’sthemostconvenienttimeforyou?
Ourhouseisveryconvenientfortheshop.
W15.furnituren.家具【U】
apieceoffurniture一件家具
asetoffurniture一套家具
e.g.Allthefurnitureisveryold.
Theonlypieceoffurnitureintheroomwasalargebed.
W16.imaginev.想象;设想
≈guessv.推测;猜测
imaginationn.想象力;想象
e.g.Canyouimaginelifewithoutelectricity?
IclosedmyeyesandimaginedIwaslyingonabeach.
W17.diseasen.疾病【C】(指特定的具体疾病)→heartdisease心脏病
≈illness/sicknessn.生病【U】(表示抽象的疾病和生病的状态)→alongperiodofillness/sickness长期患病
e.g.Malaria(痢疾)andmeasles(麻疹)arediseases.
Hediedafteralongillness.
提问:
“你生什么病?
”如何表达?
What’syourtrouble?
(√)
What’syourdisease/illness/sickness?
(×)
W18.digv.挖
dig-diggingdig-dug-dug
digfor挖掘dig...from...从......挖出......digdown挖下去;掏腰包
e.g.Theydugatunnelthroughthemountainforthenewrailway.
W19.holen.洞
同音词:
wholeadj.全部的n.整体
drillaholeintheground在地上钻洞makeahole挖一个洞stopahole堵塞一个洞boreaholeinthedoor在门上钻个洞prickaholewithapin用针刺个洞
e.g.Mysocksarefullofhole.
W20.carryv.搬;扛;背;运送
e.g.Hecarriedthesuitcasetomyroom.
Specialfasttrainscarrypeopletothecitycentre.
carry短语:
(1)carryout执行,实行;贯彻;实现;完成
(2)carryon开展;维持;继续
(3)carryto把什么拿到哪里
(4)carryfor为了谁拿什么(一般后面接家人)
(5)carryaway拿走;带走;使激动
(6)carryforward发扬,结转
(7)carrythrough帮(某人)渡过难关;使(某人)保持勇气
(8)carryoff夺去;获得;使丧命;成功地处理
(9)carryonwith(与)…调情;与…有暧昧关系
(10)carryabout随身携带
W21.containern.容器
containv.包含;容纳
acontainership集装箱船
e.g.Thevolume(容积;体积)oftheplasticcontaineristhreetimesthatofthemetalone.
W22.Amazonn.亚马孙;亚马孙河
e.g.TheywereexploringtheAmazonjungle.
W23.rainforestn.雨林
(rainforest=rain+forest;合成词)
e.g.Mostrainforesttimber(木材)isusedlocally(本地地).
W24.squarekilometre平方千米;平方公里(km2)
squaremetre平方米
squaredecimetre平方分米
squarecentimetre平方厘米
W25.basinn.盆地
basisn.基础basicadj.基础的
TurpanBasin吐鲁番盆地
SichuanBasin四川盆地
W26.spreadv.延伸;铺开n.范围
e.g.Theconditionsareripe(成熟的)forthespreadofdisease.
W27.destroyv.破坏
e.g.Everybreathyoutakewilleventuallydestroyyourfuture.
各种“破坏”:
(1)break:
普通用词,指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏,可指有形或无形的破坏。
(2)destroy:
多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏,含导致无用,不能或很难再修复的意味。
(3)ruin:
多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭,侧重破坏的彻底性,也可用于引申意义。
(4)wreck:
侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏,也可指计划、健康受到损害。
(5)damage:
多指对无生命物体的损害,造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
(6)spoil:
强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值,而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。
W28.deforestationn.森林砍伐
e.g.HesaidAfricawassufferingbadlyfrom deforestation:
foreverytentreescutdown,onlyonewasplanted.
W29.resultn.结果
asaresult+sentence结果……
asaresultof+phrase由于……
resultin+phrase导致……
e.g.Spellingmistakesareoftenjustthe result ofhaste(匆忙).
W30.decreasev.下降;减少
≠increasev.上升;增加
e.g.Lastyeartherewasa20% decrease inhisearnings(收入).
II.Expressions
E1.takein吸收
E2.comefrom/befrom来自……
E3.forexample例如
E4.infact(补充细节)确切地说;事实上
E5.lookaround/round/about环顾四周
E6.(be)madeof由……制成
E7.millionsof大量的;数以百万计的
E8.(be)goodfor对……有用;有好处
E9.payattentionto...注意……
E10.fightagainst与……作斗争
(以下短语作补充之用)
E11.theimportanceoftrees树的重要性
E12.plantthisseedintheground把种子种在地里
E13.becomeapeartree变成一棵梨树
E14.anappleseed一粒苹果种子
E15.inourdailylives在我们日常生活中
E16.inmanyways在许多方面
E17.takeinharmfulgases吸收有害气体
E18.produceoxygen制造氧气
E19.getalotmorefromtrees从树那里得到更多
E20.theleavesoftrees树上的叶子
E21.alotoffurniture很多家具
E22.imagineaworld想象这个世界
E23.aninterviewabouttrees有关树木的采访
E24.aradioprogrammeaboutpinetrees有关松树的广播节目
E25.cutdownmillionsoftrees砍伐数以百万计的树木
E26.aworldwithouttrees一个没有树木的世界
E27.majorfightersagainstairpollution防止空气污染的主要斗士
E28.getfruitandoilfromthem从它们那里得到果实和油
E29.makeourlivesmoreconvenient使我们的生活更方便
E30.keeptheaircoolandclean保持空气凉爽和清洁
E31.people’shealth人们的健康
E32.amajorproblem主要问题
E33.inone’smind在……的脑海里
E34.introducealist输入名单
E35.asequenceofthings一连串东西
E36.givemeanexample给我个例子
E37.giveadifferentidea给不同的意见
E38.indifficultenvironments在艰难的环境中
E39.fightagainstdiseases与疾病作斗争
E40.atthemoment此刻;现在
E41.onthephone在电话里
E42.knowtheanswer知道答案
E43.answerthephone接电话
E44.thinkabout考虑
E45.smellverynice闻起来很香
E46.asmart/clever/brightchild一个聪明的孩子
E47.playsports进行体育运动
E48.ataveryhighspeed以很高的速度
E49.alargecontainer一个大容器
E50.theAmazonrainforest亚马孙雨林
E51.livingthings生物
E52.loseone’shome(s)失去……的家园
E53.besideswater除了水
E54.pickleavesfrom...从……摘叶子
E55.maketea泡茶;沏茶
E56.accordingto...根据……
III.Languagepoints
LP1.Theyhelpfightagainstpollution.
fightagainst对抗;反对;与……作斗争
e.g.Theywerefightingagainsttheenemies.
fight其它短语:
(1)fightfor为……而战斗(竞争)
e.g.Theyfoughtfortheircountry.
(2)fightwith用(某种武器)与(某人)交战;用(某种方式、手段)反对(某人);与……斗争;联盟而战
e.g.Now,wefightwithguns.
Theyhadtofightwithaforcetwicetheirnumber.
InWorldWarTwo,theAmericansfoughtwithBritishandFrenchagainsttheGermans.
LP2.Rebeccawantstoknowmoreabouttreesandhowtheyhelpus.
knowabout了解;知道……的事情
e.g.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutme?
knowmoreabout更多地
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