科技英语阅读理解35篇英汉对照附练习答案.docx
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科技英语阅读理解35篇英汉对照附练习答案.docx
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科技英语阅读理解35篇英汉对照附练习答案
科技英语阅读理解
目录Contents
1.MaeJemison„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„
(2)
2.CanaComputerThink?
„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(4)3.BlackHoles„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(6)
4.EducationMayProtectagainstEffectsofShrinkingBrain„„„„„„„„„(9)
5.Radioactivity„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(11)6.UsesofUltrasound„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(14)
7.ChallengesforaWebbedSociety„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(16)
8.TheWorldofRobots„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(19)
9.TheScientificExplorationofSpace„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(21)10.ImprovingIndustrialEfficiencythroughRobotics„„„„„„„„„„„„(24)
11.HeatLossfromtheHumanBody„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(26)12.EnergyandPublicSafety„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(28)
13.EarthResourcesTechnologySatellites„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(32)
14.CanStressMakeYouSick?
„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(35)
15.CanItReallyHappen?
„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(37)
16.AnUltrasonicTorch„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(40)17.MiracleoftheBrain„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(42)
18.AllOverinaFlash„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(45)
19.ControlEarthquakes„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(48)20.SmokingandCancer„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(51)
21.HowWellDoYouSee?
„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(54)
22.AKillerIsBorn„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(56)
23.ItMayBeEasyToLiveLonger--JustStopEating„„„„„„„„„„„„„(59)
24.Study:
T.RexNoSpeedster„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(62)
25.ModernExamination„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(64)
26.Ecology„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(68)
27.AppearancesCanBeImportant„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(70)
28.AnimalSenses„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(74)
29.TelecommunicationsSatelliteSpinsOutofControl„„„„„„„„„„„„(76)
30.BuildingBetterUltralightComputers„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(78)
31.NASAOksSecondSpaceTourist„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(81)
32.Drinkto-andfor-YourHealth„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(84)
33.ThreeThingsThatWillChangeYourLife„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(86)
34.Bye-byeCreditCards&HelloDigitalMoney„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(88)
35.GenderDetector„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„(90)
1.MaeJemison
Imagineyouarelyingonyourback,strappedintoachair,withyourkneesbentinfrontofyou.Youfeelyourheartbeatingwithexcitementasyouhearavoiceontheearphoneinsideyourhelmetcountingdownslowly,”Three,two,one,”Then,beneathyou,adeeprumblestartasrocketfuelignitesinthehugeengines.You
①feelalurchasthedockingmechanismsletgo,andyourrocketbeginstorise.ThisisthemomentMaeJemisonhasbeenwaitingandworkingforsince1987.Thefirst
African-Americanfemaleastronaut-in-trainingattheNationalAeronauticsandSpace
②
Administration(NASA),Jemisonisscheduledto“fly”inSeptember1992.SheistoserveasaspecialistonSpacelab—J,ajointJapanese—Americanresearchproject.
MaeJemisonwasthirty-threewhenshewasselectedforNASA’sastronauttrainingprogram.Astronautcandidatesmusthavesciencedegree.Theymustbefitandhealthywithnormalbloodpressureandgoodeyesight.Theymuststandbetweenfivefeetandsixfeetfourinchestall.Theymustcompleteaone-yeartrainingprogramthatincludeswater-survivallessonsandweightlesswalksinahugeantigravitytank.Onthe1991mission,astronautJemisonsaysthather“responsibilityaretobefamiliarwiththeshuttleandhowitoperates,todotheexperimentsonceyouget
③intoorbit,tohelplaunchthepayloadsorsatellites,andalsotodoextra-vehicularactivities,orspacewalks.”
HowdidMaeJemisongrowuptobecomesuchaspecialperson?
Science—especiallyastronomy—fascinatedherfromchildhood.
Shealsohadastrongdesiretohelpotherpeople.BorninAlabama,butraisedinChicago,shestudiedchemicalengineeringandAfrican—AmericancultureandhistoryatStanfordUniversity.Tohelpothers,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Whilestillamedicalstudent,shewenttoCubaandKenyaonstudytrips,thenworkedin
④
arefugeecampinThailand.ShespentthreeyearsinWestAfricaasadoctorwiththePeaceCorps.WhenDr.JemisonfinallyreturnedtotheUnitedStates,shesettledinCaliforniatopracticemedicine.Anditwasthenthatshedecidedtoreachforthestars.
MaeJemison’sfirstapplicationtoNASAwasnotsuccessful.Then,in1986,the
⑤
Challengerspaceshuttleexploded,killingallaboard.NASAdidnottakeinanynewastronautsforaboutayear.Whenitfinallyreopeneditsapplicationprocess,MaeJemisonwasready,andsowasNASA.Afterbeingselectedasaminorityastronaut,MaeJemisonreceivedagooddealofattentionfromnewspaperandtelevision.SheexplainedtoreportersthatthespaceprogramandotherfieldsinhightechnologyofferpromisingcareersforAfrican-Americansandotherminoritieswhostudyhard
⑥andmakethemostoftheiropportunities.
1.Thefirstparagraphisabout______.
A.howexcitedMaeJemisonwaswhenshebecameanastronautB.howMaeJemisonbecameanastronaut
C.howthepeopleusuallyfeelwhentherockettheytakebeginstorise
D.whatMaeJemisondidaftershewasabletoflyarocket
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.MaeJemisonhadastrongdesiretobecomefamous.
B.MaeJemisonwasbroughtupinAlabama.
C.MaeJemisonstudiedastronomyatStanfordUniversity.
D.MaeJemisonstudiedmedicine.
3.WhendidtheChallengerspaceshuttleexplode?
A.BeforeMaeJemisonbecameadoctor.
B.ShortlyafterMaeJemisongraduatedfromStanfordUniversity.
C.AboutayearbeforeMaeJemisonwasselectedasanastronaut.
D.AboutayearafterMaeJemisonbecamefamousallovertheworld.
4.MaeJemisonbelievedthat_______.
A.menandwomenwerenotequal
B.womenwerebetterpaidthanmenwere
C.Americanblackswereunabletofindsatisfactoryjobsnomatterhowhardtheystudied
D.Americanblackswereabletofindsatisfactoryjobsiftheystudiedhardandmadegooduseoftheirchance
5.WhatistheattitudeofthewritertowardsMaeJemison’sachievements?
A.Jealous
B.UpsetC.NegativeD.Positive
Notes:
1lurchv.:
Torollorpitchsuddenlyorerratically.突然倾斜,突然地或者无规则地倾斜或坠落。
2theNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)美国国家航空航天局。
3payloadn.:
Thetotalweightoftheinstruments,crew,andlife-supportsystemsthataspacecraftcarriesorcancarry.飞船有效负荷。
4refugeen.Onewhofleesinsearchofrefuge,asintimesofwar,politicaloppression,orreligiouspersecution.难民在战争、政治压迫或宗教迫害的时候为寻求避难而逃出的人。
5theChallengerspaceshuttleexploded,killingallaboard.killingallaboard是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
6Sheexplainedtoreporters„themostoftheiropportunities.句中that引导一
个宾语从句作explained的直接宾语。
who引导一个定语从句先行词是
African-Americans和minorities。
译文女宇航员梅·杰美森
设想你正仰面躺在椅子里系着安全带膝盖蜷在身前。
你感到自己的心脏因兴奋而跳动头盔里的耳机响起慢慢数着“三、二、一”的声音接着在你下面当巨型引擎里的火箭燃料点燃一阵沉闷的隆隆声响起。
当对接装置放开时你突然感到倾斜然后你的火箭开始升空。
这就是梅·杰美森自从1987年就开始等待并为此而工作的一刻。
在美国国家宇航局作为首位女性非裔美国受训宇航员杰美森被安排在1992年9月飞行。
她担任一项日美联合研究计划——J太空试验室的专家。
在被遴选参加美国宇航局的宇航员训练时她33岁。
宇航参选人必须有理科学位。
他们必须健壮血压正常视力良好身高在五英尺和六英尺四英寸之间。
他们必须完成为期一年的训练项目其中包括落水求生技巧课和在一个巨大的反引力容器中进行失重行走。
在1991年的任务中宇航员杰美森说她的“责任是熟悉火箭及其运转一旦进入轨道就开始实验帮助发射火箭的有效负重或者火箭也进行一些舱外活动或者太空行走。
”梅·杰美森是怎样成长为这样一位特殊人物的呢科学尤其是天文学自从少年时代就深深地吸引着她。
她还有一颗强烈的帮助他人的理想。
出生在阿拉巴马州但是在芝加哥长大她在斯坦福大学学习了化学工程和非裔美国人文化和历史。
为了帮助他人她决定成为一名医生。
当还是一位医科实习生时她就去过古巴和肯尼亚旅行实习然后在泰国的一个难民营工作。
在西非她作为一名医生与和平队度过了三年时光。
杰美森医生最后返回美国她定居在加利福尼亚作执业医师。
那时她决定要去星空。
梅·杰美森向美国宇航局的第一次申请没有成功。
然后在1986年挑战者号航天飞机爆炸全部成员遇难。
大约有一年国家宇航局没有招募新的宇航员。
申请程序最终再次开放此时杰美森准备好了宇航局也是如此。
被选为一位少数民族宇航员后杰美森受到报纸电视的广泛关注。
她向记者解释说太空项目和其他高科技领域为非裔美国人和其他少数民族提供大有作为的工作只要他们努力学习充分利用他们的机会。
Answers:
1.C2.D3.C4.D5.D
2.CanaComputerThink?
Canacomputerthink?
Thatdependsonwhatyoumeanby“think”.Ifsolvingamathematicalproblemis“thinking”,thenacomputercan“think”anddosomuchfasterthanaman.Ofcourse,mostmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedquitemechanicallybyrepeatingcertainstraightforwardprocessoverandoveragain.Eventhesimplecomputersoftodaycandothat.
Itisfrequentlysaidthatcomputerssolveproblemsonlybecausetheyare“programmed”todoso.Theycanonlydowhatmenhavethemdo.Onemustrememberthathumanbeingsalsocanonlydowhattheyare“programmed”todo.Ourgene’
①s“program”ustheinstantthefertilizedovumisformed,andourpotentialitiesarelimitedbythat“program”.
Our“program”issomuchmoreenormouslycomplex,though,thatwemightliketodefine“thinking”intermsofthecreativitythatgoesintowritingagreat
②
symphony,inconceivingabrilliantscientifictheoryoraprofoundethicaljudgment.Inthatsense,computerscertainlycan’tthinkandneithercanmosthumans.
Surely,though,ifacomputercanbemadecomplexenough,itcanbeascreativeaswe.Ifitcouldbemadeascomplexasahumanbrain,itcouldbetheequivalentofahumanbrainanddowhateverahumanbraincando.
Tosupposeanythingelseistosupposethatthereismoretothehumanbrain
3thanthematterthatcomposesit.Thebrainismadeupofcellsinacertainarrangement.Ifanythingelseisthere,nosignsofithaveeverbeendetected.To
4duplicatethematerialcomplexityofthebrainisthereforetoduplicateeverythingaboutit.
Buthowlongwillittaketobuildacomputercomplexenoughtoduplicatethehumanbrain?
Perhapsnotaslongassomethink.Longbeforeweapproachacomputerascomplexasourbrain,wewillperhapsbuildacomputerthatisatleastcomplexenoughtodesignanothercomputermorecomplexthanitself.Thismorecomplexcomputercoulddesignonestillmorecomplexandsoonandsoonandsoon.
Inotherwords,oncewepassacertaincriticalpoint,thecomputerstakeover
5andthereisa“complexityexplosion”.Inaveryshorttimethereafter,computers
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