届高考英语第一轮知识点达标检测16.docx
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届高考英语第一轮知识点达标检测16.docx
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届高考英语第一轮知识点达标检测16
第一部分 必修二 Module2
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·四川D)
Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewantingagoodnight'ssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnight.
Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.
Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.
Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.
Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplonger.
Whiletheeffectofcowsmilkharvestedatdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow,takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.
Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.
Milkisalsosugar-freeandadditive-freewithnutritionistsrecommendingskimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.
文章大意:
这是一篇研究报告。
文章指出在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶“nightmilk”,含有大量的褪黑激素,能帮助人们入睡,减少焦虑。
1.Accordingtothetext,themicefedwithdaytimemilk__B__.
A.startedsleepmoreeasilyB.weremoreanxious
C.werelessactiveD.wokeuplater
[解析] 考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime”可知,饮用在白天取自奶牛牛奶的老鼠更焦虑。
故选B项。
2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofmelatoninaccordingtothetext?
__D__
A.It'sbeentestedonmicefortentimes.
B.Itcanmakepeoplemoreenergetic.
C.Itexistsinmilkingreatamount.
D.It'susedinsleepingdrugs.
[解析] 考查细节理解。
根据第六段中的“takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight”可知,褪黑激素被用在安眠药中。
故选D项。
3.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
__A__
A.NightMilkandSleepB.Fat,SugarandHealth
C.AnExperimentonMiceD.MilkDrinkingandHealth
[解析] 考查主旨要义。
根据第一段中的“Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnight”和第二段以及第五段内容可知,全文围绕“NightMilkandSleep”展开,告诉读者饮用在晚上取自奶牛的牛奶有助于睡眠。
故选A项。
4.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?
__D__
A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bystatingarguments.
C.Byexplainingstatisticaldata.D.Byprovidingresearchresults.
[解析] 考查推理判断。
通读全文可知,文中作者通过提供研究结果来支持文章的主题。
故选D项。
B
Amandatookwhateverpillsshecouldget,largelybecauseshewasfindinglifehardtotake.“Therewerealotofproblems,”shesays.Shehadjustfoundoutthatherparentsweresplitting(分开).Ittookherbysurprise—andshewasshocked.“Iwokeuponemorning,andtheytoldme.”
“Onafewoccasionsduringhertwoyearsofgoingtopharmingparties(品药聚会),myheartwouldracesofastthatitfeltlikeitwasgoingtoexplode.Ifeltweakandconfusedsometimesandevenpassedoutseveraltimes,”sherecalls.“ButIpickedupfromthegroundbecauseIhadalotofprideinmydrinkinganddrugging.IwasreallycrazyaboutitandproudofthefactthatIcouldtakemorethanalotofpeople.Icouldcomehomeandhaveaconversationwithmyparents.”
Finally,though,thingsgotoutofcontrol.“Icouldn'tgoadaywithouttakingsomething,”sherecalls,“andafterawhile,thepillsupsetmystomach;ithurtallthetime,andIhardlyate.Finally,Icouldn'ttakeitanymore.IwenttomyparentsandtoldthemIneededhelp.”
AmandaenteredatreatmentprogramandhasbeencalmsinceherreleaselastJanuary.“Detox(戒瘾)wastheworstfourdaysofmyentirelife,”shesays.“Iwasthrowingupallthefoodandhadtheshakes.”
Shedoesn'tcareaboutdrugs.“I'msohurtfromthis,”saysAmanda,whohasulcers(溃疡)anddamagedkidneysfromthedrugsandalcohol.“Ihavetostruggledailytostaycalm.Butinsomeways,IfeelluckyIwentthroughit,andI'moutofitnow.”Amandawroteasongcalled“GoodnighttotheMoonlight”.Amandasays,“It'sabouthowitfeelstobetakingdrugsandalcohol,howithurts,howitmakesyoufeellikeyou'relosingyourself.”
5.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?
__D__
A.Totellusthatparentshaveagreatinfluenceontheirchildren.
B.Towarnusthatdrugsareadangertoourhealthandmind.
C.Totellusonceyoupickupbadhabits,itishardtogetridofthem.
D.Totellusthataslongasyouaredetermined,youwillovercomeanydifficulty.
[解析] 主旨大意题。
本文叙述了阿曼达受父母离婚的影响,对生活失去希望并开始吸毒,身体受到严重损害,曾一度达到失控的境地,但最终戒毒成功的故事。
由此可推出作者的写作目的:
告诉我们只要有坚强的意志,就能克服任何困难。
6.Theunderlinedexpression“passedout”(Paragraph2)probablymeans__B__.
A.leftoutB.suddenlybecamesenseless
C.suddenlykickedoutD.wantedtogiveup
[解析] 词义猜测题。
由下文“ButIpickedupfromthegroundbecauseIhadalotofprideinmydrinkinganddrugging.”可知passout的意思为“昏厥,晕倒”,故答案为B项。
7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthesideeffectoftakingdrugsonherhealth?
__D__
A.Herstomachfeltupsetandshecouldn'teatanything.
B.Shebecameaddictedtodrugsandcouldn'tlivewithoutthem.
C.Shefeltconfusedandalmostbrokedown.
D.Shewasabletohelpherselfeventhoughshewasaddicted.
[解析] 细节理解题。
由第三段中“Finally,though,thingsgotoutofcontrol.”和“Finally,Icouldn'ttakeitanymore.IwenttomyparentsandtoldthemIneededhelp.”可知阿曼达吸毒已达到无法控制的程度,她需要父母的帮助。
故D项表述错误。
其他三项文中均有表述。
8.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat__A__.
A.Amandahadsuchastrongwillthatshedidn'tloseherself
B.hersongexpressedherthanksanddelight
C.DetoxwasnotreallyasuccesstoAmanda
D.drugsandalcoholruinedherhealthaswellasherspirit
[解析] 推理判断题。
最后一段说,阿曼达努力地保持冷静,关键时候没有丧失理智,她感到很幸运,尽管经历了吸毒和痛苦的戒毒,但最终成功了。
由此可以推出她意志坚强,关键时候没有丧失自我。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2018·河北衡水中学二调考试)
Ifsomethingthatyou'redoingdoesn'tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn'tchangyou.
Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,afterall.__1.G__Sochallengethefollowinglimits:
Figureoutwhatyou'rescaredoftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou'llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephoneandmakeacall.__2.B__Butdon'tstoponthefirsttry!
Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyesandsay,“Goon,I'mnotscared!
”
__3.F__
Makesurethishobbyisnotlinkedtoourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.Someexamplesmightbecooking,sewing,paintingandsoon.
Setasideatleastnineminutesadayforphysicalexercise.
__4.C__Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersforyourself.Exercisecannotonlyhelpyoumaintainyourregularweight,butalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.
Travelandallowyourselftobeinterestedinnewpeople.
Don'tjustlimityourselftoyourfellowtravelers—trytoconnectwiththeservicestaff.
Youneverknowwhatkindofpeoplethey'regoingtobe.Getoutofyourhouseorgoonlinerightnowtobookyourclass.__5.E__
A.Youshoulddoitcontinuously.
B.Someonemayhanguponyou.
C.Youdon'tneedtogotothegym.
D.Runninginthegymmaybeabetterchoice.
E.Starttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.
F.Takeaclassforahobbyyou'vebeenwantingtodevelop.
G.Youcanneverseeanyimprovementifyousticktoyourcomfortzone.
文章大意:
在我们的生活中,我们都需要一些正常的压力,如果没有挑战,就不会改变。
[解析] 1.上文说到:
如果没有挑战,就不会改变。
所以作者接着说:
如果你坚持你的舒适区,你永远不能看到任何改进。
2.上下文都是谈论打电话推销,上文鼓励你拿起电话,下文是劝告你不要一试就停,因此,选项B“别人可能会挂断你的电话”,是一种预知的可能会发生的情况,符合语境。
3.小标题是对本段的概括。
段中cooking,sewing,painting等都是hobby的范畴,且hobby一词在下文多次出现,是很好的提示。
4.由下一句的“Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersforyourself.”可知C项“没必要去体育馆”符合语境。
5.选项E“Starttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.”与上一句在意思是递进的,在句式上是一致的,符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Camelscertainlylikeeatinggreengrass,notdrygrass.But__1.strangely__(strange),camelsalwayskeeplookingfordrygrass__2.until/till/before__theirstomachsarefilledup.
Aclassmateof__3.mine__(I)whosehomeisontheedgeofTurpanBasininXinjiangtoldmehishomehastwocamels;hesaidyoucouldimagineacamel'sappetite,foritcanslowlyswallowdozensofkilogramsofhay(干草).Iaskedhim__4.why__camelseathay,notgreengrass.Hesaidthecamelisakindofanimalwith__5.a__strongsenseofsuffering,__6.fearing__(fear)itsmasterlettingittravelthroughthedesertthenextday,andthehayinitsstomachismorehunger-resistant__7.than__greengrass.
Thecamelhasthebesttolerance.Unfortunately,manypeoplecanonlyseeacamel'soutstandingperformance,butfewunderstandits__8.preparations__(prepare)madeforit.
Life,__9.like__acameltravelingthroughthedesert,__10.needs__(need)theadequateaccumulation,butnoteveryonecanunderstandit.
文章大意:
与干草相比,骆驼更喜欢吃青草,然而骆驼却总挑干草吃,这是为什么呢?
[解析] 1.考查副词。
句意:
但是,奇怪的是骆驼总是找干草……。
设空处在句首修饰后面整个句子,作评注性状语,故此处需用副词。
2.考查时间状语从句。
这里表示骆驼一直找干草吃的时间。
根据上下文逻辑,可知设空处应填:
until/till/before。
3.考查代词。
“名词+of+名词性物主代词”为固定用法。
aclassmateofmine=oneofmyclassmates。
4.考查宾语从句。
根据下文作者同学的回答,可知此空应填why。
5.考查冠词。
sense在本句中为可数名词且表示泛指,故用不定冠词。
6.考查非谓语动词作状语。
主语thecamel与fear为逻辑上的主动关系且表示伴随,故用现在分词形式。
7.考查形容词比较级。
根据上文中的more可知此处表示比较,所以此处应填than。
8.考查名词。
句意:
不幸的是,许多人只看到了骆驼非凡的表现,但很少有人明白骆驼为此所做的准备。
its后需用名词,preparation为可数名词,故本空需用其复数形式。
9.考查介词。
like“像……一样”,符合语境。
10.考查主谓一致。
主语life为第三人称单数,故need后需加“s”。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。
错误涉及一个单词的增加,删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处
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