新视野第一册unit3讲义.docx
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新视野第一册unit3讲义.docx
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新视野第一册unit3讲义
Farmer
Peasant
Senseoffulfillment
Senseofhumor
Senseofvalue
Senseofjustice
Senseofresponsibility
Senseofaccomplishment
GeneralSecretary
SecretaryGeneral
Lean:
1.beagainstawallorasurface
Helikestoleanonthebridge,watchingtheboatsgoby.
2.Bendinacertaindirection
TheLeaningTower
Leanbackward后仰
Leanforward向前俯身
Fore:
foresee预见
Before
Forecast预告,预报
Leanon(dependon,relyon)
Theyalwaysleanonuswhentheyareintrouble.
Leanonone’sadvice
Balance
1.mental/emotionalcalm
Trypsychotherapywhenyouarelackingbalanceinyourlife.
Psychology–psychologist
2.
astatethatallyouweightsandstrengthareevenlyspread
asenseofbalance
keepone’sbalance
balancev.
1.considerinrelationtosth,compare权衡
Youhavetobalancetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftelecommuting.(远程工作)
2.tobeevenandkeepbalance
Youmustlearntobalancewhenyourideabicycle.
Severe-serious
Beseverelydamaged/disabled
Cripple:
makesomeoneunabletomoveorwalkproperly
Acripplingblow致残的一击
Theaccidentcrippledhimforhislife.
n.瘸子,跛子
aseverecripple
handicappedperson/specially-abledperson残疾人
seniorcitizen老年人
inward-inwardly向内的,精神的,内心的
backward,outward,forward
for/fore
forbidden,foresee,forecast,
before
bother:
1.makesomeoneworriedorupset
Iambusy,anddonotbotherme.
Hisoldinjurykeptbotheringhim.
2.(usuallyinnegativesentencesandquestions)makesomeeffortstodosth.
Donotbotherhelpingheronmyaccount.不要因为我的缘故而帮她。
Leton泄露letknown
Ithinkheknowsmoreaboutitthanhehaspreparedtoleton.
Coordinate:
toworkdifferentpartsofthingsverywell.协调,适应
Coordinateourefforts齐心协力
Co-(together)
Coexist
Cohabitate共同栖息
Cooperate
Cofounder–foundation
Haltv.stop
n.stop/pause
Productionwasbroughttoahaltbythestrike.
Cometoahalt
Startout出发,出门
Westartoutearlysothatwecanreachthesummitbeforenightfall.
Nightfall/sunrise
Summit顶峰,峰会
Pace
n.1.speedofwalking/running
2.speedatwhichthingshappen
Paceofmodernlife
v.walkwithslow,regularspeed
踱步
Pacebackandforth
Adjusttotheweightlessness适应失重状态
Subway(underground,metro)地铁
Despite(inspiteof)
Makeit
1.successfullydoingsth
Yearslater,hemadeittotheupperlevelsofthecorporateladder.(metaphor)
2.managetoarriveontime
Wewanttomakeittothesupermarketbeforeitisclosed.
Clingto(clung,clung)
1.holdsthtightly
2.continuetobelieveinsth
Shestillclingstotheideathathersonwasalive.
Clingtoabelief/amethod/principle
Freeof:
notcontainingsthunpleasant
Aworldfreeofwar/nuclearweapons
Mealsfreeofcharge
Beamazedat/beastonishedat
Beamazedto/that/how(degree)
Youwouldbeamazedathowdifficulttheworkwas.
Subject:
causesomeonetoexperiencesthunpleasant
Besubjectto
Hewassubjecttoseveretorture.
Thescientistssubjecttheproducttoseveretests.
subject
n.主题,话题; 学科,科目; [哲]主观
adj.须服从…的; (在君主等)统治下的
v.提供,提出; 使…隶属
Theempiricalevidenceconsideredhereis subject tomanyqualifications.
此处提及的实验证据有诸多限制条件。
adj可能受…影响的;易遭受…的
Tobe subjectto somethingmeanstobeaffectedbyitortobelikelytobeaffectedbyit.
Pricesmaybe subject toalteration...
价格可能会有所变动。
Inaddition,interestonTreasuryissuesisn't subject tostateandlocalincometaxes.
另外,国债利息不需缴纳政府和地方所得税。
adisorderinwhichtheperson'smoodis subject towildswingsfrommaniatodepression.
患者情绪在狂热和抑郁之间疯狂起伏的紊乱状态
adj.受…支配的;服从于…的
Ifsomeoneis subjectto aparticularsetofrulesorlaws,theyhavetoobeythoserulesorlaws.
Thetribunal(特别法庭)isuniquebecauseMrJonesisnot subject tothenormalpolicedisciplinecode.
因为琼斯先生不受一般的治安条例法规约束,所以专门设立了特别法庭。
arguingthatasasovereignstateitcouldnotbe subject toanothercountry'slaws.
争论说作为一个主权国家其不受其他国家法律的约束
v.使经受;使遭受
Ifyou subject someone to somethingunpleasant,youmakethemexperienceit.
themanwhohad subjectedhertofouryearsofbeatingsandabuse...
使她遭受了4年毒打和辱骂的男人
Innocentciviliansarebeingarrestedand subjectedtoinhumanetreatment.
无辜的平民正被逮捕并遭受非人的虐待。
Civilright
civilize
civilwar
词根:
ject
=throw/st,表示"投掷,扔"
同根词
Adj.abject可怜的 (ab离开+ject抛→抛掉→可怜的)
Adj.subject隶属的;易遭 (sub在下面+ject投掷,扔→扔下去→服从的,扔下去大家讨论的主题)
n.adjective形容词的,用作形容词的 (ad增加+ject投掷,扔+ive……的→扔上去的,附加的)
n.reject拒绝,落选者 (re回+ject扔回来→拒绝)
n.subject主题;学科 (sub在下面+ject投掷,扔→扔下去→服从的,扔下去大家讨论的主题)
n.subjection征服 (subject[n.主题;学科adj.隶属的;易遭..的v.使隶属]+ion表名词→n.征服)
n.&v.conjecture推测,臆测 (con共同+ject投掷,扔+ure表名词→大家一起扔[思想]→推测)
v.deject使沮丧,使灰心 (de向下+ject投掷,扔→情绪向下扔→沮丧)
v.object[to]反对 (ob逆,反+ject投掷,扔→反着扔→反对→引申为扔向目标)
v.project投射出 (pro向前+ject扔→扔向前面→投射;引申为工程项目)
Subject同义词
issue,subject,theme,topic
这些名词均有“主题,话题”之意。
issue:
指有争论、议论,急需讨论研究的热点话题。
subject:
一般用词,使用广泛。
指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等中所隐含的、暗示的,需要由读者或听众推断的主题或中心话题。
theme:
系正式用词,多指文学、艺术作品的主题,或论文、演说的主题。
topic:
普通用词,含义广泛,但其范畴小于subject。
既可指文章、讲话的题目,谈话的内容,又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。
Beliable,apt,likely,prone,subjectto
这些形容词均含“倾向于……的;易于……的”之意。
Stressn.
1.pressure,continuousfeelingofworry
2.specialattention/emphasis/importance
Sheputagreatdealofstressonaproperbehavior.
Putstress/emphasison=emphasizeon
v.giveparticularattentionto
Hestressedoncarefulspending.
Icannotstressontheimportanceofregulationsandrulesenough.
Complaint:
yourexpressionofdissatisfactionofsth.
投诉,建议,抱怨
Engage:
1.takepartin/beinvolvedinsth
Officialsshouldnotengageinbusinessaffairs.
Officialn.官员
Adj.官方的
Theprofessorengagedhimselfintheresearch.
Engageoneselfinsth
2.hiresomeone(hire.fire)
Iengagedhimtodoroutinework.
3.attractsomeoneandkeeptheminterested
Iliketoplaygamesthatengagemyattentionandkeepmybrainactive.
Brainstorm(metaphor暗喻)
Findoneselfv+ing/v+ed/prep
Theyfoundtheteamwithoutamanager.
Ifindmyselfagreeingwitheverythingshesaid.
Theyfoundthemselvessurroundedbywater.
Sunbathe
Occasion:
atimethatsthhappens.
Ontheoccasionofyourvisit,Iwasnotathome.
Occasionaladj.偶然的,偶尔的
Occasionalvisit
Becontenttodo/besatisfieddoing
Perfectlycontent心满意足,十分满意
“Perfect!
”
Youaresuchaperfectmatch.般配,天生一对。
Unaided
Aidn.帮助
Inaidof…..
Firstaid急救
Theyheldaconcertinaidofthehospitalinred.(赤字的)
v.providehelporsupport
computer-aideddesign(CAD)
unaided:
withouthelp
Hefinishedthetaskcompletelyunaided.
Infrustration
Shescreamedoutinhorror.
她惊恐地尖叫了起来。
Hewentawayindisappointment.
Kid=makefunof(v)
Kidn.孩子DINK:
Doubleincome,nokid.丁克家庭
Urge:
v.tostronglysuggestsomeonetodosth.
Thecaptainurgedhisteammemberstomakemoreeffortsthisyear.
队长,船长
n.astrongwish,desire,need
IhadaurgetotellthebosswhatIthoughtofhim.
Boss-bossy专横的,以自我为中心的
Takeadive:
toloseagamedishonestly,especiallyaboxinggame
(metaphor,slangexpression)whenoneboxerlosesagameintentionally,thegambler(赌博的人)whopaidhiminsecretwouldwinhisbets(赌注)n.
Ibetyouamealonthatgame.v
FBI:
FederalBureauofInvestigation
Seetoitthat确保:
makesuresthisdone
Fatherseestoitthatmuchofmysparetimewasnotwasted.
Begone(passaway)去世
(Euphemism委婉语)
Reluctance:
unwillingnesstodosth
Thelawyernoddedwithreluctance.
Reluctant:
adj
Hemadeareluctantpromise.
Asolemnpromise
Envious:
wantingsthothershave
Anenviousmanshallneverbehappywithwhathehas.
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