宋 6定语从句.docx
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宋 6定语从句.docx
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宋6定语从句
1定义
判断下列句子的结构
ThepeoplewhoaredancingonthestageareallmembersoftheSummerCamp.
TherehavebeentwoterribleMalaysianAirlinedisasters,whichbringspeoplegreatpanic.
修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,有时也可以修饰整个主句。
属于修饰语定语的一种。
常常放在名词或代词的后面。
译为“…的”。
被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
常用引导词:
that,which,who,whom,whose,as,where,when,why.(有时候引导词可省)
判断下列句子有没有定语从句,如有,找出先行词及定语从句
⑴ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.
⑵Whathesaidtomeathishomemademeangry.
⑶ThebookwhichI’mreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.
⑷Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.
⑸Don’ttalkaboutthethingsyouarenotsureof.
⑹Isthisthefactorywhereheworkedtenyearsago?
⑺Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplacesthatcouldn’tbefound.
⑻Thereasonisthatheisunabletooperatethemachine.
⑼ThetwothingsthattheyfeelproudofareJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.
⑽HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,whoseleadingactorisworld-famous?
⑾Hedoesn’tbelievewhatItoldhim.
⑿Thosewholearnnotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.
2引导词的选择
Thehotelwestayedatduringourholidaystandsbytheseaside.
引导词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas
在定语从句中的成分:
主语/宾语主/宾主/宾宾定语主/宾
先行词是人还是物:
人/物物/句子人人人/物人/物/句子
wherewhenwhy
地点状语时间状语原因状语
物物物
◆引导词的选词方法:
1找到先行词,括出定语从句
2一看定语从句所缺的成分,二看先行词指人还是物,三看特殊情况,最后即可确定引导词。
◆在限制性定语从句中引导词做宾语时可省
Exercises:
1IsthistheLavenderManoryouvisitedlastmonth?
(work/stay/live)
2Iplacedthechocolateintheplacecouldn’tbefound.
3ThegirlissinginganEnglishsongintheTVprogrammelookssolikemyniece.
4Thetree,branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.
5Canyoulendmethenovelyoutalkedabouttheotherday?
(talkwith/to)
6ThedaysIspentwithmycousinbenefitsmealot.
7Thenewshetoldmethedaybeforeyesterdaylaterprovedtrue.
8AheadofmeIsawamanIthoughtwasmyuncle
9ThesecondWorldWarmillionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.
10MymothersaidtheyearIwasbornwitnessedalotofdisastersandplentyofchildrendiedbecauseofthat.
11HewasbornintheyeartheAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout.
12Therewasatimewomenwerenotallowedtoentertheuniversity.
13Isthatthereasonyouareinfavoroftheproposal?
14Hewasfired,buthedidn’tacceptthereasonhisbossgavehim.
15Canyouthinkofasituationtheidiom釜底游鱼wasused?
16Theoldtempleroofwasdamagedinastormisnowunderrepair.
◆引导词选择时的特殊情况1
IhavereadallthebookswerewrittenbyShakespeare.
以下情况定语从句的引导词用that而不用which
⑴不定代词做先行词时:
anything,everything,nothing,all,any,little,much,few等
⑵先行词被all,much,little,every,no,any等不定代词修饰时
⑶先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
⑷先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时
⑸先行词既有人又有物时
⑹主句是有which或who引导的特殊疑问句时
Exercises
1IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?
2ThisisthemostwonderfultimeIhaveeverhad.
3LangfangisthefirstplaceIhaveeverworked.
4WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmyouhaveseen?
5Doyourememberthethingsandpeopleinyourchildhoodhavealastingeffectonyourlaterlife?
6Thisistheverypunishmentyoushoulddeserveforwhatyouhavedone.
7ThereasonIdon’ttrusthimisthatheoftenlies.
8Who is the man ________is standing by the gate?
特殊情况2
定语从句中:
先行词被such修饰时,引导词用as;
先行词被thesame修饰时,如果描述的是同一个事物,引导词用that,如果只表示相似,引导词用as
1Ihaveneverheardsuchstorieshetells.
2IhaveneverheardsuchstoriesIcan’tbelieveit.
3SheworethesamedresssheworeatMary’swedding.
4Sheworethesamedressheryoungersisterwore
3非限制性的定语从句
⑴Themansatbehindmenowismakingalotofnoise.
⑵Heleftmewithoutsayingaword,___________disappointedmealot.
◆限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别:
限制性非限制性
1从句与主句之间无,从句与主句间有,
2从句与主句关系亲密关系不那么亲密
3引导词均可用不用that
4引导词修饰先行词引导词修饰主句或先行词
Exercises
1Inourfreetimefromtimetotimeourleaderralliesusteacherstohaveameeting_______isnotthatimportant,__________upsetsusalot.
2MissSun,_________isapersonofgreatabilityandkindness,hasabadrelationshipwithherhusband.
◆在非限制性定语从句中,which/as都可以指代一句话,其区别如下:
Which只能放在居中,as放在句首,居中均可;
另外,as常用于一些固定短语asiswell-knowntous,asweknow,asyouknow,asweexpected,aswasmentioned/saidabove,asisoftenthecase等
3Themudslidehitsomemountainvillages,_______causedalotofdeathsandahugeloss.
4_______iswell-knowntousall,lighttravelsfasterthansound.
5Hedidn’tworkhardandwasfinallyeliminated,______wehadexpected.
6Theboywaslateagainandmadeupsomeunconvincingexcuses,_________isoftenthecase.
7Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall,______ many important meetings are held every year.
8China, ______ was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
9Thegirl,__________familyispoorandcan’taffordheruniversityfee,willhavetofacethepossibilitythatshewillmissheruniversitylife.
10Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, _______I don’t believe.
4介词+which
1 I still remember the day _______I first came to this school.
2 Do you remember the years ___________you lived in the countryside with your grandparents.
3The house ___________ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down
4I don’t know the reason _________ he looks unhappy today
5 October 1, 1949 was the day _______ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
◆when/why/where=介词+which,why=forwhich
6This is the boy_________I played tennis with yesterday.
ThisistheboywithIplayedtennisyesterday.
7We’ll go to seethefamousfilm ________ we have often talked about.
We’llgotoseethefamousfilmabout_________wehaveoftentalked.
◆介词后如指人用whom,如指物用which
8Ihavefoundthebook____________thenamesofalltheearlysatellitesarementioned.
9I”llneverforgettheday______IjoinedtheLeague
10Iknowawood_________youcanfindroses
11Thesearethewires______________differentmachinesareconnected.
12Theauthor_____________allofusarefamiliarwillvisitourcompany.
13Ican’tremembertheage__________hewontheprize.
14Thatistheage__________peopleliveinpeaceandhappiness
15Wherearemyglasses_______________Ican’tnearlyseeanything.
◆非限制性定语从句和并列句的区别
16Theoldmanhastwosons,bothof__________areteachers
Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothofareteachers
(neither/none/three)
17The classroom ,the door of________ is broken, will soon be repaired.
The classroom, ______door is broken ,will soon be repaired.
Do you like the book the cover of ______ is yellow?
Do you like the book ______cover is yellow?
18In the basket there are quite many apples, some of _______ have gone bad.
19There are forty students in our class in all, most of _____are from big cities.
20Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of _______are about country life.
5先行词为theway时:
如引导词在定语从句中做主语,引导词为that,which
如引导词在定语从句中做宾语,引导词为that,which,×
如引导词在定语从句中做状语,引导词为that,inwhich,×
Exercises:
1The way _________he answered the questions was surprising.
2I don’t like the way_________you laugh at her.
3Theway________helpedhersolvethemathquestionhasbeenadoptedbyourteacher.
4Thewayheexplainedthesentenceisspecial.
6定语从句中主谓一致
1I,whoyourEnglishteacher,isactuallyapersonofgreatabilityandpatience.(be)
2Michaelwasoneofthestudentswho______awardedascholarshipduringthelastterm.(be)
Michaelwastheonlyoneofthestudentswho______awardedascholarshipduringthelastterm.(be)
7situation,case,scene,point,stage等表示抽象的地点词,如定语从句缺状语,引导词为where
1Canyouthinkyouasituationthisidiomcanbeused?
2Thesituation________hedescribedhasbeenwitnessedbymemanytimes.
3We’retryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalkpeacefully.
8定语从句与强调句
1—Wheredidyoufirstmeetyourgirlfriend?
—ItwasintheEnglishtrainingschool_______Ioftenwentlastyear_____Imetmygirlfriend.
9定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句修饰限定先行词,它与先行词是修饰关系;同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容,它与先行词是同位关系。
1 The plane that has just taken off is for Paris.
2The fact that he has already died is quite clear.
定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分,关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。
同位语从句主要由连词that 引导,在从句中一般不担当成分;有时也由where, when, how, who, whether, what 等连词引导,这些连词则在从句中担当成分。
1The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.
2The problem that we are facing now is difficulttosolve.
3The question that he raised puzzled all of us.
4The question whether he is sure to win the game is hard to answer.
基本练习
1.Thisisthebestfactory____wevisitedlastyear.
A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that
2.Isthisthefactory____computersarebuilt?
A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inthat
3.pleasepassmethedictionary____coverisred.
A.whose B.its C.whichD.whichof
4.Theman____hasarrived.
A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyou
C.whomItoldyouabouthimD.Itoldyouabout
5.Doyouknowthecomrade____wearetalking?
A.towhomB.towhoC.whomD.tothat
6.Theyvisitedthehouse___thegreatwriterwasborn.
A.fromwhereB.inwhichC.whichD.inwhere
7.Thecomrade___isspeakingatthemeetingismyteacher.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose
8.Heaskedustowatchcarefullyeverything___hedidinclass.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.where
9.I’llvisittheprofessortomorrow,___hewillbebackfromShanghai.
A.whoB.thatC.whenD.which
10.Theschool___Istudyisanewone.
A.onwhichB.atwhereC.onthatD.atwhich
11.Chinahasmanyislands,____thelargestisTaiwan.
A.inwhichB.atwhichC.whichD.ofwhich
12.Thecity____mymothergrewupisnotfarfromhere.
A.what B.whereC.thatD.which
13.Ourteacherlivesinthehouse
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