大学体验英语视听说教程第二册答案.docx
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大学体验英语视听说教程第二册答案.docx
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大学体验英语视听说教程第二册答案
视听说期末复习
Unit1
Questions
1.Whatisthisinterviewmainlyabout?
ItisaboutMcDonald’sbusinesslessonsrevealedbyPaul.
2.WhatwasMcDonald’srecentlyvotedfor?
Itwasvotedoneofthebestplacestowork.
3.Asidefrombeingtheauthorofthebook,whatelsedoyouknowaboutPaulfromtheinterview?
HewasaformerMcDonald’sExecutive.
4.WhydidPauldecidetowriteabookforotherbusinesspeopleandclients?
Hewantedtoteachthembusinesslessonsbecausetheylackedbasicprinciples.
5.WhatquestionisPaulconstantlyasked?
"TellmehowyoudiditinMcDonald's."
Homelistening
Internationalbusinessisatermusedtocollectivelydescribeallcommercialtransactions(privateandgovernmental,sales,investments,logistics,andtransportation)thattakeplacebetweentwoormorenations.Usually,privatecompanies1)undertakesuchtransactionsforprofit;governmentsforprofitandforpoliticalreasons.Itreferstoallbusinessactivitieswhichinvolvecross2)bordertransactionsofgoods,servicesandresourcesbetweentwoormorenations.Transactionofeconomicresourcesincludecapital,skills,people,etc.forinternationalproductionofphysicalgoods,andservicessuchasfinance,banking,3)insuranceconstruction,etc.
Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeign4)investmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessin5)negotiationinaninternationalarenaastheirforeigncounterparts.Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinorderto6)participateineitherone,thenegotiatorsmustunderstandthewaysinwhichpeoplearepersuadedandhowcompromiseisreachedwithinthecultureofthenegotiation.
InstudiesofAmericannegotiatorsabroad,severaltraitshavebeen7)identifiedthatunderminethenegotiator’sposition,twoofwhich,inparticular,aredirectnessand8)impatience.Furthermore,Americannegotiatorsofteninsistonrealizingshort-termgoals.Foreignnegotiators,ontheotherhand,mayvaluetherelationshipestablishedbetweennegotiatorsandmaybewillingtoinvesttimeinitforlong-termbenefits.9)Inordertosolidifytherelationship,theymaychooseindirectinteractionswithoutregardforthetimeinvolvedingettingtoknowtheothernegotiator.
Clearly,perceptionsanddifferencesinvaluesaffecttheoutcomesofnegotiationsandthesuccessofnegotiators.10)ForAmericanstoplayamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations,theymustputforthmoreefforttoimprovecross-culturalunderstanding.
Unit2
T&F
T1.SaraBongiornilivedayearwithoutbuyingChinesegoods.
F2.Sararefusedtobuy“MadeinChina”productsforpoliticalreasons.(It’snothingagainstChina)
T3.Saradidn’treplacethebrokencoffeemakerbecauseallinexpensiveonescamefromChina.
F4.Saraspent35dollarsonanon-Chinapairofshoes.(Anon-Chinapaircostthem65bucks)
T5.NormallySarawouldnotspendmuchmoneyonsunglasses.
Questions
1.WhywasCBSNewsinvitedtothefactory?
ToconvinceAmericathatChinaiscleaningupitstoymakingact.
2.Whatcangiveconsumersconfidence?
Goodquality.
3.Howmanytimesaresupplieslikepaintchecked?
Threetimes
4.Howmanytoymanufactureswereshutdown?
800.
5.Whoelseistoblamefortheuseofcheaperleadpaint?
Americancompanies
Homelistening
Today’sleadingChinesebrandsmustlearnhowtocreateandmanagetheirbrandvalueonaglobalscale.Itistimeforthemtore-thinktheirglobalbrand1)strategy,andfollowthebestpracticesoftheworld’smostpowerfulmulti-nationalbrands.WhilewearestillseveralyearsawayfromaChinesebrandappearingonInterbrand’sBestGlobalBrands,thelessonsfromthe2)annualrankingareclear—greatbrandsknowtheirstrengthsandweaknessesandploteffectivestrategiesto3)_sustainandimprovetheirvalueinthefuture.Withthedownturnoftheglobaleconomy,thetransformationofthe“MadeinChina”labelandtheacceptanceofChinesebrandsoverseascannotbemade4)overnight.ThefirstchallengeistoimprovethequalityandsafetyofallChineseproducts.Thedefinitionandenforcementofstrict5)standardsandtheactiveengagementinenvironmentalprotectionisasocialresponsibilityforanyglobalplayer,andapre-requisiteforchangingconsumer6)perceptionsoverseas.
TheChinesegovernmentcanplayaveryspecialroleinthesedifficulttimes.Leadershipmeanstakingshorttermactionstospur7)domesticdemandandenhancethecompetitivenessofexports.Butleadershipalsomeanscreatinganationalagenda—like8)innovationinJapan,designinKoreaorengineeringinGermany—thatservesasaguidinglightforChinesecompanieseagertomaketheirbrandmarkonglobalmarkets.Nowisthe9)_criticalmomentforChinesegovernmentandbusinessleaderstoconsiderthenextstageofgrowth.Thistransformationmustnotonlytakeplaceinareassuchastechnology,qualitycontrolandinternationalcooperation,butinbrandcreationandbrandmanagement.AsiancompanieslikeToyota,Sony,SamsungandHyundai10)whichhavealreadytraveledtheglobalizationpathknowthatbrandvalueisthekeytounlockingshareholdervalue.
Unit3
T&F
T1.ArecentsurveyshowedthataveragesalariesinUScompanieshaveexperiencedthesmallestincreasethisyearinmorethan30years.
T2.Ifthebossdoesn’tagreetoanegotiatedfutureraise,setadateforyournextdiscussion.
F3.Ifthebosssaysthathecan’tgiveyoumoney,askforlessworktime.
F4.Whentalkingwithyourbossaboutthesalaryraise,emphasizehowhardyouhavebeenworking.
T5.Showingyourotherofferstoyourbosswouldbeabadidea.
Questions
1.DoesLakshmanAchuthanagreewiththecommondefinitionofrecession?
Why?
No,becausehethinks“recession”isreallyasequenceofevents.Hebelievesitisnecessarytolookatthesequenceofindicatorstodefinerecession.
2.Whataretheconsequencesoffallingwages?
Peoplecan’tbuythatmuchandsalesfall./Peoplespendlessandsalesfall.
3.Howmanypeoplemadejoblessclaimslastweek?
400,000
4.Accordingtothereporter,whatsignsshowthatarecessionisactuallyinprocess?
Inflationisgoingupatthefastestratein17years,whilewagesarenotkeepingup;andlastweek400,000peoplemadejoblessclaims.
5.WhatisLakshmanAchuthan’sopiniononthecurrenteconomicsituation?
Itisinashallowrecessionandtherearenosigns/foundationsofarecovery.
Homelistening
Graduateunemploymenthasincreasedby44%in12monthsandisnowatits1)highestin12years,accordingtoresearchreleasedtoday.
Some7.9%ofstudentswholeftuniversityin2008wereoutofworkinJanuary,theHigherEducationCareersServicesUnit(HECSU)found,upfrom5.5%the2)previousyear.HECSUwarnedthepicturecouldbeevenworseforthosegraduatingthisyear.Thelasttimelevelsof3)joblessnessweresohighwasin1995–96.
Theresearchfoundthat4)recruitmentinthepublicsectorbuckedthedownwardgraduateemployment5)_trend,withthenumberofgraduatesentering6)_healthcareteachingandsocialworkincreasing.
But7)architectureandbuildinggraduateswerehitparticularlybadly,8)_reflectingtheslumpintheconstructionindustry,withunemploymentnearlytriplingfrom2.9%in2007to8.5%forthosewholeftin2008.Theproportionofcivilengineeringgraduateswithoutajobincreasedfrom2.4%to7%.
9)Theproportionofgraduatesemployedinbusinessorfinancialworkfellto7.5%,comparedwith8.7%theyearbefore.Andthenumberworkingasfinancialandinvestmentadvisersormortgageconsultantsdropped19%,withonly1,700ofthe220,065graduatessurveyedgettingthatkindofjob,comparedwith2,100in2007.
10)_Amongthosewhorevealedhowmuchtheyearned,theaveragesalarywas_£19,677—up2%from2007.ButScotlandsawariseof5.6%,toanaverageof£19,953—higherthanthe£19,561reportedinthesouth-east,traditionallythehighest-paidregionafterLondon.
Unit4
T&F
T1.ThesmallestclimatechangecanbreakthenaturalbalanceoftheGreatBarrierReef.
F2.Turtlesmaybeextinctin14years.(andtheturtlepopulationisindecline.In40yearstheremaybenoneleft.)
F3.Achangeofoneortwodegreeswillnotdisturbthecoralreef’snormallife.(Achangeofjustoneortwodegreescanwipeitout)
F4.Coralreefscanlowerthetemperatureonhotdays.(Iftemperaturesgettoohot,coralrespondsbytryingtochangetheweather.)
T5.Theprocessofbleachingwilleventuallyleadtothedeathofthecoral.
Questions
1.Whyisthecrown-of-thornsstarfishoneofthereef’sgreatestenemies?
Becauseitcaneatthecoralalive.
2.Howmanychildrencancrown-of-thornsstarfishproduceeveryyear?
Sixmillion
3.Whatallowsthestarfishpopulationtoexplode?
Fertilizersfrominlandfarms.
4.Howcanweeffectivelycontrolthenumberofcrown-of-thornsstarfish?
Pickthemoffreeforinjectthemwithpoison.
5.Whyhasthepopulationofcrown-of-thornsstarfishdecreasedinrecentyears?
Becausethepollutionlevelshavedropped.
Homelistening
Thestudy,fromStanfordUniversityintheUnitedStates,makesgloomyassessmentsaboutthefuturehealthoftheworld’scoralreefs.Itfindsthatcarbondioxide1)_emissionsaremakingseawatersoacidicthatcoralreefscouldbegintodisintegratewithinafew2)_decades._Thereportstatesthatevenambitiousplanstostabilizegreenhousegasemissions,thoughtbymanytobethemain3)causeofawarmingcli
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