高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案及解析.docx
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高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案及解析.docx
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高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案及解析
高中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare"ifonly".Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.
Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,"Taketheextraminutetodoitright."Ialwaystrytolivebythe"extraminute"rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan"ifonly"moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(衬垫)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.
Idon'tonlyavoidthose"ifonly"momentswhenitcomestosafety.It'sequallyimportanttoavoid"ifonly"inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay"Iloveyou"or"Iforgiveyou."WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn'tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.
IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay"ifonly"aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthing.I'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.
(1)Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe"extraminute"rule?
A.Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.
B.Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.
C.Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.
D.Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.
(2)TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto______.
A.keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctor
B.meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldman
C.joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompany
D.finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached
(3)Theunderlinedword"foregone"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.
A.abandoned
B.lacked
C.avoided
D.taken
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.ToKeepEmotionalWell-being
B.ToPrevent"IfOnly"Moments
C.ToFollowtheMostUsefulRule
D.ToAchievethePeaceofMind
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是"ifonly",因为他们表达了遗憾。
父亲在作者小的时候经常让她提前做一些能防止意外发生的事,因此她懂得珍惜现在所拥有的一切,而且知道自己正在做对的事。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一、二段可知,作者所说的“extraminute”rule是指在遇事时多思考一分钟,从而可以避免以后遗憾、犯错或失望,故选D。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.”可知,父亲说在周五去看眼科医生时经过作者的办公室,虽然那天是假日,但作者想到父亲八十四了,自己不应该放弃每一次见父亲的机会,于是又改口说那天上班。
由此可知作者决定在星期五去她的办公室,是为了见她已经年迈的父亲。
故选B。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据划线词所在句and前后连接语意相似成分,由其前“失去一个心爱的人或物”可推知此处是指“后悔放弃一个机会”可知,foregone的意思是“放弃”,故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文叙述了作者通过“extraminute”rule来避免以后说“ifonly”的情况。
“ifonly”作为线索贯穿了整篇文章,且第一段也提到了thesaddestwords,其他选项比较笼统,不能涵盖本文内容。
所以这篇文章最好的题目是“防止出现ifonly的情况”,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
TheotherdayIwasshoppingatthelocalChinesegrocerystore.Therewasalineatthefishcounter,butonlyonestaffpersonwastheretotakecareofthecustomers.Somecustomersorderedquiteanamountoffishforthatstaffpersontoworkon.AtlastIwasthesecondinline.AllIwantedwasacoupleofcrabsandshouldgetoutofthereinnotime.
Noticingitwasverybusyatthefishcounter,anotherstaffpersoncameovertohelp.Iwasreadytobeserved,butthestaffpersonwenttotheendofthelineandbegantohelpacoupleofladieswithsnail(蜗牛).Thecustomersinfrontofme,beingserved,turnedaroundandlookedatmesympatheticallyandthecustomerbehindmecalledtothestaffperson,“Youshouldstarthere,”pointingatme.Hewas,well,ignored.
Ifsomeoneaskedme,"WhatisthemostimportantruletofollowinAmerica?
"Iwouldreplywithouthesitation."Waityourturnatalltimes."Whereveryougohereinthiscountry,youwillfindpeoplewaitinginalinequietlytogetanything:
whetherinthesupermarkets,departmentstores,busstops,orgasstations,it'sjustamatterofwaitingyourturn.Inalargersense,"waityourturn"ismorethanjustaguideline—itisaverybasicrulethatreflectsthefundamentalvalueofthewesterncultures.Butinsomesituationsyourturndoesnotalwayscomebasedonwhenyougetthereandhowlongyouhavewaitedinline,justlikemycaseatthestore.Eventhoughthisdidnotoftenhappen,itdidmakemefeelupset.
(1)Whathappenedtotheauthoratthestore?
A.Hewasill-treatedbyacustomer.
B.Hewasn'tserveduponhisorder.
C.Hewasaskedtobeservedlater.
D.Hewasaskedtodoothersafavor.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inthelastparagraphreferto?
A.Hisbelief.
B.Hisculture.
C.Hisexperience.
D.Hisrule.
(3)Whydidtheauthorwritethetext?
A.Toemphasizehiskindnesstoothers.
B.Tointroducesomewesternculturestous.
C.Toexpresshisbeliefandhisfeeling.
D.ToshowhisdisbeliefinQueuingRule.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久,受到不公平待遇的经历,借此表现了西方文化的特点——要遵守次序,同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Iwasreadytobeserved,butthestaffpersonwenttotheendofthelineandbegantohelpacoupleofladieswithsnail(蜗牛).”可知,我准备好了接受服务,但服务员走到了队尾给几个想买蜗牛的 女士提供了服务,因此轮到作者的次序时,作者并没有得到服务。
故选B。
(2)考查代词指代。
根据最后一段中的“Butinsomesituationsyourturndoesnotalwayscomebasedonwhenyougetthereandhowlongyouhavewaitedinline,justlikemycaseatthestore.”可知,在某些情况下,是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的队,就像作者的情况一样,因此“this”指代的是作者的亲身经历。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
纵观全文可知,本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公平待遇的经历。
再根据最后一段中的“Eventhoughthisdidnotoftenhappen,itdidmakemefeelupset.”可知,作者认为这种经历并不经常发生,但仍使作者感到比较失望,表达了作者的想法和感受。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Iworkasthereceptionmanageratmyhotel.
Abookingcameinafewweeksagowithanoteattachedthataguestwouldbetravellingwithherdeaffather.Thisnotehelpedusinpreparingfortheirarrival.Astheywouldbehereforanumberofdays,hisdaughterwantedtomakehistriptoIrelandassmoothaspossible.
UponseeingthisnoteandknowingIwouldbetheonetocheckthemin,Idecidedtolearnsomeverybasicsignlanguage.Igreetedtheguestinmyusualfashion,askingforthesurnameonthebooking.OnceIheardthename,Iimmediatelyrealizedwhowasstandinginfrontofme.
Ihadbeenlearningfortwoweekshowtosay:
"WelcometoIreland.Mysignlanguageisterrible,butplease,ifyouneedanythingduringyourstay,justletmeknowandwewillhelpyou."
Ismiledatthefatheranddaughterinfrontofme.Turningtothefather,IgreetedhiminASL(AmericanSignLanguage)andbeganthebitIhadlearnedforhim.HisdaughterbrokedowncryingandtoldmeIwassweet.Butthefatherjustsmiledandwassohappy.Honestly,seeinghisreactionwasenoughforme.ItwasabsolutelyworththelastfewweeksoflearningbasicASL.
Sadly,Iwasn'tworkingthedaytheycheckedout,buttheyleftagiftforme,asmallboxwithsomechocolatesandabookonASL.Insidewasanotesaying:
"Thankyouverymuchforwhatyoudid.Myfatherhasbeeninamazingspiritsfromthetimeyoucheckedusinandinsistedwegetyouagiftbeforeweleft.Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanttomyfatherandme,andwecan'tthankyouenough.You'vemadehistripveryspecialwithonesimplegesture."
IcriedforasolidfiveminuteswhenIcameintoworkthenextdayandfoundthisgiftinmylocker.
(1)Thedaughterleftanotewhenbookingthehotelinorderto__________.
A.askforspecialserviceforherself
B.givesomeusefuladvicetothehotel
C.expressgratitudetothehotelmanager
D.makeherfather'stripmorecomfortable
(2)Thedaughtercriedwhentheycheckedinbecause__________.
A.theauthor'ssignlanguagewasreallyterrible
B.herfatherwasunwillingtoliveinthathotel
C.sheappreciatedwhattheauthorhaddoneforherfather
D.theauthorwouldn'tbeworkingwhentheycheckedout
(3)Seeingthefather'sreactionduringcheck-intheauthorprobablyfelt__________.
A.thankful
B.satisfied
C.disappointed
D.regretful
(4)Fromthispassage,wecanknowthat__________.
A.theauthormadethedaughter'scheck-outsmooth
B.theauthorwasdeeplymovedbyanunexpectedgift
C.thedaughtercriedforfiveminutesbeforetheyleft
D.thedaughteraskedtheauthortolearnsignlanguage
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游,帮助他们登记的故事,因为那位父亲是个聋哑人,执着专门学了手势语"欢迎来爱尔兰",结果那位父亲对于作者的接待很满意,走得时候还送给作者礼物,并给经理写信,希望给作者加薪。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Astheywouldbehereforanumberofdays,hisdaughterwantedtomakehistriptoIrelandassmoothaspossible.”由于他们要在这里呆几天,他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。
可知,女儿在预订旅馆时留下了一张便条,以便让父亲的旅行更舒适。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第五段中的“HisdaughterbrokedowncryingandtoldmeIwassweet.Butthefatherjustsmiledandwassohappy.”可知当他们登记入住时,女儿哭了,女儿情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她,这让她的爸爸很开心。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“Honestly,seeinghisreactionwasenoughforme.ItwasabsolutelyworththelastfewweeksoflearningbasicASL.”老实说,看到他的反应就足够了。
最后几周的ASL基础学习绝对值得。
可知,看到这位爸爸很开心,作者感到了他的付出是很值得的;因此看到父亲在入住时的反应,作者可能感到很满足。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段“Icriedforasolidfiveminut
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