牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨教案.docx
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牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨教案.docx
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牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨教案
授课日期
时间
主题
首字母填空技巧点拨
学习目的
1.掌握首字母填空的解题技巧;
2.能根据上下文准确判断出所缺单词的意思;
3.能选用正确的单词形式填空
教学内容
1.处理上次课后稳固作业
2.互动探究
教学建议:
1.三个学生先规定好说单词的顺序,教师先说一个单词,然后一位学生以教师所说单词的最后一个字母开头再说一个单词,另一个学生以上一个学生所说单词的最后一个字母开头再说一个单词,以此类推。
2.在三秒内没有接上单词的学生被淘汰,最后剩下的一名学生为获胜者,可获得一个小奖品。
教学建议:
首字母练习中教师要注意培养学生上下文语境的能解才能及发散思维的才能。
在解题中充分理解学生的解题思路,明白学生错题原因,针对学生的错误点重点讲解和引导。
【知识梳理1】
首字母填空解题步骤
【知识梳理2】技巧详解之阅读全文,把握大意
Ø首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。
要通读首字母填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,理解全篇的主要内容。
Ø其次要重视文中的主题句。
首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出如今文章的中间或完毕处。
主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等,这是深化理解全文的“窗口〞。
我们甚至能以主题句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
Ø再次,要利用语境进展联想。
利用上下文的提示,用学过的知识和已有的生活经历,扫清局部词汇理解上的障碍。
【例题精讲】
✧例1.The2021LondonOlympicGamesareontheway.YoumayhaveanicetripinLondonwiththehelpofthefollowinginformation.
Theundergroundisfastandconvenient.
Travellingbybusisagoodwaytoseethecity,especiallyfromthetopofadouble-deckerbus.
TakeatraintovisitplacesoutsideLondon,likeHamptonCourtandWindsorCastle.
London'sblacktaxisaref1___.
The"riverbus"leavesfromWestminsterPierandstopsatdifferentplacesbetweenWestminsterandGreenwichPier.
Don'tdriveyourcarinLondon!
Therearen'tmanygoodbicyclelanesinLondon.
Thebestwaytovisitthecity!
Butlookrightandleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.
Key:
famous
✧例2.Often,doctorstellsomepeopletogoondiets(节食).Thedoctorshopethedietswillmakethepeoplefeelb1___.Theyhopethedietswillmakethepeoplehealthy.
Alanawasonadiet,butshedidn'tlikeitatall.
ThenthedoctorputFrankonadiet.Itwasadifferentkindofdiet.
Key:
better
【稳固练习】
AsurveyhasbeenpublishedwhichshowsthatBritishpeopledon'tliketheirneighboursverymuch.
Accordingtothesurvey,theb___1___problemisnoise.
Theothermainproblemsaredisagreements(不和)aboutcarparkingspaces,andoldpeoplecomplainingabouttheyoung.
Anothersurveyshowsthat90%oftheneighboursnevershareameal,80%haveneverhadadrinkt___2___and20%haveneverevenspoken.
Onesolutiontosuchproblemsistotalkaboutthemwithaprofessionalorganizationand,ifnecessary,tosignawrittenagreement.
Keys:
biggest;together
【知识梳理2】技巧详解之熟记短语,注重语境
Ø短语经常会出如今首字母填空的考题中,假如平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆,掌握它们的搭配规律,在做首字母填空时就能得心应手,减少失误。
另外,词语搭配也值得注意。
从语法角度来说,句子不是词的序列,而是词组的序列。
如:
savethemoney(2021年中考),haveaninterestingtalkwith〔2021年中考〕,afewyearago(2021年中考)等。
Ø但从历年中考的试题看,注重上下文的关系对解题显得更为重要。
【例题精讲】-熟记短语
✧例1.Youcancollectanything,fromstampstotoystofootballmatchprogrammestooldphotos.Infact,somepeoplehaveextraordinary(不寻常的)collections.
Forexample,RobertOpiecollectsthingsweusuallyt___1____away,thingslikeoldnewspapers,sweetpapersandboxes.HehasmorethanaquarterofamillionthingsinhiscollectionandyoucanfindsomeoftheminhisownmuseuminGloucester,UK…
WhenStuartGrahamfromSydney,Australiadiedaged87,heleftb2someextraordinarycollections.HissonAndyonlydiscoveredStuartwasakeencollectorwhenhefoundacollectionofover5,000oldbustickets,3,000oldmatchboxesand1,000toysoldiers.
Keys:
throw;behind
✧例2.“Sorry,〞hisfriendinterrupted(打断).“TodayI’mgoingwhereverthewindblows.〞Thisanswerwassod___1___fromtheboy’sexpectation(预期)thathehadnothingtosay.Later,theboytoldhismotheraboutit.Hismothersaid,“Youshouldaskhimwhathewoulddoiftherewerenowind.〞
Key:
different
高频短语
✧thinkabout/of/over
✧keep/enjoy/practice/finishdoing
✧atleast/most
✧either…or/neither…nor/both…and
✧bethankfulto
✧bedifferentfrom
✧befamiliarto/with
✧bepleased/satisfiedwith
✧befilledwith/befullof
【稳固练习】
1.WhencartooncharactersliketheIncredibleHulkgetangry,theychangecolorsandoftengetspecialpower.Intherealw__1___,angerislessobvious…
Theyalsohavefewerheadaches,lowerbloodpressure(血压),andfewerproblemsonsleeping.Soitdoesn’tm___2___ifyourangeriscausedbythetrafficorotherthings.Learningtoletitgoisimportant.Wayssuchasd___3___breathcanhelpyoualot,orjustaskyourselfifit’sworthhurtingyourselfbystayingangrywithsomeoneelse.
Keys:
world;matter;deep
2.Ireallylikereadingandwritingshortstories.Thesestoriesareusuallyabout6to20pageslongwhichf1onaninterestingperson,aproblemwhichthepersonhad,andwhathappenedwhenthepersontriedtosolvetheproblem.Allsocietiesseemtohaveanoralstorytellingtraditioninwhichpeoplemett2totelleachothershortstories,andinwhichparentstoldtheirchildrenstoriesatbedtime.
Keys:
focus;together
【例题精讲】-注重语境
例1.Ialsolikereadingnovels.OneofmyfavouritenovelsiscalledLifeofPi.ItiswrittenbyaCanadiancalledYannMartel,andisaboutanIndianboywhospendsalongtimeatseaafterashipwreck(海难)a1__withnobodybutatiger.Whataboutyou?
Doyouhaveafavouritenovel?
Key:
alone
例2.Sometimesstressisgoodforpeople.Itp1peopletodotheirbest,likewhilegettingreadybeforeabigcompetitionorexam…
Whenyoufeelstressed,therearesomewaysyoucandealwithit.Learningtoworkoutsmallproblemsineverydaylifeish2.Itcanhelpbuildconfidencetomoveontolife’sbiggerones.
Keys:
pushes;helpful
【稳固练习】
1.“Thereisnolovewhichismoresincerethantheloveoffood,〞saidAnglo-IrishwriterGeorgeBernardShaw.LikeBernardShaw,manywriterse1foodverymuch,andtheysayandwriteinterestingthingsaboutit.
Key:
enjoy
2.Butone’spersonalitydoesn’tstophere.Familylife,schoollearningandlifeexperiencecanalsomakeyouthepersonyouare.Thisdoesn’tmeanit’si1tochangeyourpersonality.Youcanalwaystrytomakeyourselfbetter…
Key:
impossible
【知识梳理3】技巧详解之关注语法,符合逻辑
语法知识对做好首字母填空非常重要。
词汇根据语法规那么确定各自的位置。
如①介词后的代词必然是宾格;②物质名词一般不用复数;③形容词必须放在不定代词后;④行为动词的否认句和疑问句应由助动词do构成;⑤情态动词后加动词原形等。
【例题精讲】
✧例1.FourthgradestudentWesleyGibsonexplained,“Thebusisthebestwaytogettoschool.Icanrelaxandchatwithmyfriendswhilethebusdriverdoesallthework.S1Ievenfinishmyhomeworkonthebus!
〞Another25%ofWayviewstudentsared2toschoolbytheirparentseveryday…
Fifth-graderAlexisWangisoneofthe20%ofWayviewstudentswhowalktoschooleachday.Shesaid,“Walkingtoschoolisbetterthanthebusorcarbecauseyougetm3exercise.〞Another20%ofWayviewstudentsridetheirbikes.ChrisMadsensaidhelikesridinghisbikebecause“it’sfasterthanwalking,andyoucanracewithyourfriends.〞
ThelastgroupofWayviewstudentsgettoschoolbyridingscooters.Thenumberofstudentsridingscooterstoschoolhasi4.Lastyear,only5%ofthestudentsrodescooters,andthisyearit’s10%.
Key:
sometimes;driven;more;increased
✧例2.Whenthereisonlyoneparent,ofcoursetheresponsibilitiesoflookingafterthechildrenaremuchh___1___forhimorher.Theyhavetoworkoutallthethingsbythemselves.Theyjusthopethateverythinggoesrighteveryday.
Key:
heavier/harder
高频考点
✧the+形容词最高级
✧much/even+比拟级
✧have/has+过去分词
✧介词+doing(for/of/with/without/to)
✧副词修饰动词
✧介词+代词〔宾格〕
✧感官动词+形容词(adj.)
✧被动语态(bedone)
【稳固练习】
✧1.Thestudiesfindthatpeoplewhoareabletoforgivefeellessstress,lessbackpain,andlessdepression.Theyalsohavefewerheadaches,l___1___bloodpressure(血压),andfewerproblemsonsleeping.
Key:
lower
✧2.Barcodes(条形码)changeaswell.Barcodesinthepastwere1-D,butnowthereare2-Dbarcodes,suchasQRcode.Since2021,QRhasbeenusedonChinesetraintickets.Peoplecanenterstadiums,cinemasandtheatersbyh1certaintypesofbarcodes…
Ifyoufindthesebarcodethingsboring,abarcodebuildingmightbemoreupyourstreet.InStPetersburg,Russia,thereisabuildingdesignedlikeabarcode.Itl2strange,butit’sactuallyashoppingmall.Therearegamestoo.BarcodeMonstersisamobilephonegame.Youhavetoscanbarcodesandfindthemonsters!
Keys:
holding;looks
【知识梳理4】技巧详解之细心检查,防止疏漏
完成填空后,要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔误或疏漏的地方。
有些同学为自己全部填出了而沾沾自喜,常常不是少了s,就是忘了加ed,这是很可惜的。
【稳固练习】Readthepassageandfilltheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(14分)
Imaginethis:
romanceisallaroundyou,youhavemetandfalleninlovewiththemostwonderfulperson.Theonlytroubleis,youarenotathome,youareinacompletelydifferentpartofthew1.Howdoyouletthatspecialpersonknowhowyoufeel?
France
Theonlyplacetosay'JET'AIME'(Iloveyou)isonaParisbridgeinthemoonlight.IfyoureallywanttogofortrueFrenchstyle,youwillneedtodressverysmartlyandgotoafashionableFrenchrestauranta2youhavesaidthemagicalwords.
Japan
ThecherryblossomseasonisthemostromantictimeofayearinJapan.I3yourboyfriend/girlfriendinthepolitestwaypossible(youshouldalwaysbeaspoliteaspossibleinJapan!
),setupanicelittlepicnicu4acherryblossomtreeandsay'SUKYO'
Russia
Itmightbeminus6degreeswhenyousay'YATYEBYALYUBLYU',butthes5willbefallingaroundyouinStPetersburg.Thereisnoscenemoreromantic,andyouwon'tevenfeelthecold—yourheartwillbesow___6inside!
Indonesia
GosurfingontheIndonesiawatersofSumatraandseetheboyorgirlofyourdreams.Wakeuptoabeautifulsunrise,gosurfinginthecoolwatersalldayandr7intheevenings.AnytimeisOKtosay'SAYACINTAPADAMU'!
Whereveryoucomefrom,onlysay'Iloveyou'whenyoutrulymeanit.Theymayonlybethreelittlewords,buttheyarepowerfulwordsinanylanguage!
Keys:
81.world82.after83.Invite84.under85.snow
86.warm87.rest
教学建议:
1.规定学生必须在20分钟内完成;
2.互相交换修改,表扬正确率最高的学生;
3.做对的学生给做错的学生讲题;
4.让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该
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