济大泉院毕业设计外文资料翻译.docx
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济大泉院毕业设计外文资料翻译.docx
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济大泉院毕业设计外文资料翻译
济南大学泉城学院
毕业设计外文资料翻译
题目为提高信息理解涉及的LED设计因素
专业 电气工程及其自动化
班级 电气1102
学生 XXXX
学号XXXXXXXXXXXXXX
指导教师 XXXXX
二〇一五年三月十五日
DesignFactorsofLEDDisplayforImprovingMessage
Comprehension
JoeyC.Y.SoandAlanH.S.Chan
DepartmentofManufacturingEngineeringandEngineeringManagement
CityUniversityofHongKong
KowloonTong
HongKong
Mostofthepreviousstudiesondynamictextdisplaywerelimitedtosmallscreendisplaysandwebsitedesign.Sofar,nostudiesfoundonLED(light-emittingdiode)displayboardforoptimaldisplaymethod.ItisaninterestingquestionofwhatthebestdisplaymethodistodeliverelectronictextmessagestothepublicwithLEDdisplays.Inthispaper,somerelatedempiricalstudiesconcerningthevariousdisplaymethodsofdynamictextpresentation,suchastextdisplaytype,numberofmessagelinesandtextbackgroundcolorcombinationarereviewed.AproposedexperimentofChinesereadingtaskonLEDdisplayunderdifferenttaskconditionsfordeterminingtheeffectsofdisplaymethod,numberofmessagelinesdisplayed,andtextcoloroncomprehensionperformanceandsubjectivepreferenceisalsodiscussedinthispaper.Accordingtothereadabilityandpreferenceratingsofthesubjectsgivenunderdifferentconditions,wecanmakeuseoftheproposedexperimenttoinvestigatethebestdisplaymethodandcolorforcomprehendingthedeliveredmessages,andtoprovideusefuldesignrecommendationsofusingLEDdisplaysforadvertisinganddeliveringmessagestothepublic.
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays,theuseoftheelectronicinformationdisplaysystemsprovidesanextrameansofdeliveringmessagesoradstocustomersorpeopleduringtheirtravelstoworkinourfast-pacedsociety.Theadvanceddisplaytechnologyoffersavarietyofselectionofcolorsanddisplaymethodswhichimprovethepresentationoftextualinformation.LED(Light-emittingdiode)displayswidelyusedasadisplayoutputunitlikeacomputerscreen.Itallowsobserverstoreadmessagesatadistance.TheexplosionofcommunicationtechnologyinthepastdecadesandtheincreaseinuseofLEDdisplaysarousetheinterestinoptimizingeffectivemethodsofdisplayingdynamictext.However,inthepast,researchersonlyfocusedonthestudiesofdynamictextdisplayonsmallscreenssuchascellularphones,pagersanddesktopphones(ChenandChien2005,Laarni2002)andsomeresearcheswereconcernedabouttheoptimaldynamictextdisplayinwebsitedesign(Wangetal.2003,WangandChen2003,Wangetal.2002).Sofar,nostudiesfoundonLEDdisplayboardforoptimaldisplaymethod,inparticular,Chinesereading.ItisaninterestingquestionofwhatthebestdisplaymethodistodeliverelectronictextmessagestothepublicwithLEDdisplays.
Thethreecommondisplaymethodsfordisplayingdynamicstextare:
a)RSVP(RapidSerialVisualPresentation)–displayssuccessivewordsoftextualinformationatafixedpointonthescreen,usuallyatapredeterminedrate,inrapidsuccession;b)scrolling-ablockoftextmovesupordownineitherarelativelycontinuousoraline-by-linemanner;andc)leading(TimeSquare)-presentsthewordsbysequenceandmovesthestringofwordsfromrighttoleft.Inmanyresearchesonscrolling,thescrollingspeedwasalwayscontrollablebytheoperatorsordesignersinwhichtheymovedthroughthedocumentbyoperatingaandHaselgrove2001)orascrollarrow(Piolatetal.1997).However,thefixeddisplayspeedmethodwasemployedinthecurrentexperiment.Regardingtheverticalscrolling,textusuallymovesinaline-by-linemannerorscrollscontinuouslyandautomaticallyarasteratatimeupfromthebottomofthescreen.Sincetheleadingmethodisnotpracticalofdisplayingmulti-linetext,onlyRSVPandscrollingmethodsweretestedinthecurrentstudytoinvestigatetheeffectsofthenumberoflinesdisplayedonthecomprehensionperformanceandpreference.ThepresentationofshorttextsegmentsinRSVPeliminateseyemovementsandleadstoapossiblereductionofcognitiveload(Potter1984).
Concerningthenumberofmessagelines,WangandCao(2005)studiedthemessagedisplayformatofportabledynamicmessagesigns,theirresultsshowedthatasingle-linemessagewasbetterthanamultiple-linemessage.Withthesmallernumberoflinesdisplayed,itwouldfacilitatereadersbydirectingtheirattentiontotheappropriatetextunitinitsproperorderandeliminatetheirneedtodecidewhereandwhentheeyesshouldmovenext.
Therearesomeresearchesreportingthatcolorcontrastofthetextbackgroundofadynamicdisplayusers?
visualperformance(Wangetal.2002,WangandChen2003).ArecentstudybyYangetal.(2005)aboutenhancingmessagesdisplayedonadynamicmessagesignshowedthatifonlyonecolorwasused,amberorgreenwouldbemuchpreferredoverred.Theyalsofoundthatamber-coloredmessageswouldleadtotheshortestresponsetimeandthatwithred-coloredmessages,subjectswouldtakelongertimetorespondtothemessages.AwiderangeofcolorsisavailablewiththeLEDdisplays,andmostcolorsbeingused
arered,green,andamber.
PROPOSEDSTUDY
Basedontheaboveliteraturereview,itisnotedthatnostudydoneonexploringthechoiceofeffectivecolorsorcolorcombination,displaymethodandnumberofmessagelinesforincreasingthereadabilityofmessagesdeliveredfromLEDdisplays.Tofillthegapintheliterature,thereisaneedtoconductaresearchstudywhichmorethoroughlyinvestigatesthesefactorsconsideringcomprehensionperformanceandsubjectivepreference.
Design
Theaimoftheproposedexperimentistoevaluatewhetherdisplaymethod,rownumberandtextcolorwouldsignificantlyaffectthecomprehensionscoreandsubjectivepreferenceonLEDdisplayforChinesereading.Thefactorsandlevelsstudiedinthisexperimentareasfollows:
twotextdisplaymethods(RapidSerialVisualPresentation,scrollingwithpause),fourtypesofrownumber(onetofourlines),andthreetextcolors(red,greenandamber).Ineachtestingcondition,thecomprehensionscoresoftheobjectiveperformancemeasureandtheratingsofthesubjectivemeasurewillbecollected.Thecomprehensionscoreoftheobjectiveperformancemeasuredenotedthecorrectnessofsubjectresponsesgiventotheninemultiplechoicequestionsinacomprehensiontaskfollowingthepassagereading.Itwillbeusedfortheevaluationofthesubjects'abilityofunderstandingthepassagesread.Thepreferenceratingisasubjectiveevaluationofthetestingdisplayformatgivenbythereadersreflectingindividualpreference,whichshouldalsobeconsideredwhendesigninganoptimaldisplaymethod.
Subjects
StudentswhoareregisteredforacourseinErgonomicsintheCityUniversityofHongKongwillserveassubjects.TheywillbeassessedtowithanorthoratorandnocolordeficiencywithIshiharaPesudoIsochromaticPlates.
Materials
Chinesepassageswithnotechnicaltermsornamesofunusualwordsontopicsofwillbeused.Thepassagelength,includingpunctuationmarks,rangesfrom77to100characters.
Apparatus
Acomputer(PentiumVI——2.8GHz)witha582mmX326mm(include.Thepanelsizeis512mmX256mm.TheLEDdisplaydotdimensionis128dotsX64dotsanditsdotdiameteris3.75mmwith4mmdotseparation.Itcandisplayupto4rowsof8traditionalChinesecharactersof64mmX64mmlargeperline.Thepassageswillbedisplayedatarateof160charactersperminute.
WorkplaceConditions
Thedisplaywillbemountedatacenter.Thecharacterssizewillsubtendanglesof1。
13,arcatthesubjects,eyes.Theambientilluminationwillbeabout300lx.Noglareorreflectionappearsonthedisplayscreen.
Procedure
Asetofquestionsheetswiththreequestionsonapagewillbegiventoeachsubjectatthebeginningofthetest.However,theyarenotallowedtopreviewthequestionsbeforeeachpresentation.SubjectsareaskedtoreadthepassagespresentedontheLEDdisplayandtrytheirbesttounderstandthemessages.Eachpresentationconditionconsistsofthreepassages.Afterreadingthefirstpassageonthedisplay,theywillbeinstructedtoattemptthethreemultiple-choicequestionsonthefirstsheetofthequestionset.Afteroneminute,thenextpassagewillappearonthedisplay.Theprocedureisrepeateduntilallthethreepassagesintheconditionarecompleted.Justafterreadingthethreepassages,apreferenceratingonthatparticularconditionwillbegivenbythesubjectonanine-pointLikertscale.Theproceduresarerepeateduntilalltheeightconditionsweretested.Inordertoavoidmentalorvisualfatigue,a5-minutebreakisgivenafterreadingthefirst12passages.
DATAANALYSIS
ComprehensionPerformance
Thedependentmeasurecollectedinthisexperimentisthecomprehensionscores(%),i.e.thepercentageofcorrectnessdenotedthereadingperformanceofeachcondition.Themethodforcalculatingthepercentageofcorrectnessforeachcondition=(thenumberofquestions?
thenumberofwronganswers)thetotalnumberofquestions.Thecomprehensionscoresofindividualsubjectsrangedfrom0to9wereconvertedto0to100%.Toidentifywhichdisplaymethodwouldletcandidatesachievebetterperformanceinthecomprehensiontask,thedifferencesamongstsubjects?
performanceonthedifferentdisplayconditionswillbeevaluatedwithanalysisofvariance(ANOVA).Bonferronitestwillbeusedforpostcomprehensionscore,thesecondmeasureinthisreadingexperimentisthesubjectivepreferencereflectinganinstantandquicksubjectiveresponseofsubjectstothereadingconditions.Withanine-pointLik
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