届高考考前热身专练政治经济文化教育类阅读2.docx
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届高考考前热身专练政治经济文化教育类阅读2.docx
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届高考考前热身专练政治经济文化教育类阅读2
2015届高考考前热身专练:
政治经济文化、教育类阅读
1、AreportbroughtbackbymostvisitorstotheUSishowfriendly,polite,andhelpfulmostAmericansweretothem.Tobefair,thisobservationisalsofrequentlymadeofCanadaandCanadians,andshouldbestbeconsideredNorthAmerican.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Small-mindedofficials,rudewaiters,andill-manneredtaxidriversarehardlyunknownintheUS.YetAmerican’sfriendlinessandhelpfulnessisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservescomment.
Foralongperiodoftimeandinmanypartsofthecountry,atravelerwasawelcomebreakinanotherwisedullexistence.Dullnessandlonelinesswerecommonproblemsofthefamilieswhogenerallyliveddistantfromoneanother.Strangersandtravelerswerewelcomesourcesofdistraction,andbroughtnewsoftheoutsideworld.
Thetoughrealitiesoftheborderalsoshapedthistraditionofhospitality.Someonetravelingalone,ifhungry,injured,orill,oftenhadnowheretoturnexcepttothenearestsettleragent.Itwasnotamatterofchoiceforthetraveleroronlyacharitableimpulse(冲动)onthepartofthesettlers.Itreflectedthehardshipofdailylife:
ifyoudidn'ttakeinthestrangerandtakecareofhim,therewasnooneelsewhowould.Andsomeday,remember,youmightbeinthesamesituation.
Todaytherearemanycharitableorganizationswhichspecializeinhelpingtheexhaustedtraveler.Yet,theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristroutes."Iwasjusttravelingthrough,gottalkingwiththisAmerican,andprettysoonheinvitedmehomefordinner,amazing."SuchobservationsreportedbyvisitorstotheUSarenotuncommon,butarenotalwaysunderstoodproperly.ThecasualfriendlinessofmanyAmericansshouldbeunderstoodneitherassuperficial(表面的)norasartificial(虚伪的),butastheresultofahistoricallydevelopedculturaltradition.
Asistrueofanydevelopedsociety,inAmericaacomplexsetofculturalsignalsandcustomsisthebasisofallsocialinter-relationships.And,ofcourse,speakingalanguagedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatsomeoneunderstandssocialandculturalpatterns.Visitorswhofailto"translate"culturalmeaningsproperlyoftendrawwrongconclusions.ForexamplewhenanAmericanusestheword"friend",theculturalmeaningsofthewordmaybequitedifferentfromthoseithasinthevisitor'slanguageandculture.Ittakesmorethanabriefencounteronabustotellpolitecustomsfromindividualinterest.Yet,beingfriendlyisavirtue(美德)thatmanyAmericansvaluehighlyandexpectfrombothneighborsandstrangers.
1.Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutsideworld,________.
A.rudetaxidriversarehardlyseenintheUS
B.small-mindedofficialsdeserveaseriouscomment
C.Canadiansarenotsofriendlyastheirneighbors
D.mostAmericansarereadytoofferhelp
2.Wecanknowfromthelastparagraphthat_______.
A.culturehasaninfluenceoversocialinter-relationship
B.politecustomsandindividualinterestareinter-related
C.variousvirtuesshowsthemselvesonlyamongfriends
D.socialinter-relationshipsequalthecomplexsetofculturalcustoms
3.Familieswholivedfarfromoneanotherusedtoentertainstrangers_______.
A.toimprovetheirhardlifeB.inviewoftheirlong-distancetravel
C.toaddsometastetotheirowndailylifeD.outofacharitableimpulse
4.Thetraditionofhospitalitytostrangers_______.
A.tendstobesuperficialandartificial
B.isgenerallywellkeptupintheUnitedStates
C.isalwaysunderstoodproperly
D.hassomethingtodowiththebusytouristroute
【答案】
1.D
2.A
3.C
4.B
【解析】
2、Asthefatherofastudent,Ihaveexperiencedfirsthandwhatagreatteacheris.Mysonwasinthe4thgradelastyear,andhehadateachercalledMissGreen.Ibelievethatwhenheisanadulthewillsurelylookbackonherasthebestteacherhehaseverhad.
Mysonhasattentiondeficitdisorder(注意力缺损症)thatmakesitalittlemoredifficultforhimtolearn.Shewasabletochangeherteachingmethodsforhimsothathecouldkeepupwiththerestoftheclass.Asaresult,hegotstraightAsonmanysubjects.Sheregardedherclassasafamilyandtheyevenhadtheirownclasssong.Shewouldoftenhavethemsingittoencouragethemanddevelopateamspiritforthem.Whenshesawthattheywerenolongerlisteningcarefullytowhatshewasteaching,shewouldhavethemclosetheirtextbooks,standupallaroundtheroomandthrowaroundasmallfootball.Thishelpedthemcleartheirmindsandthenfocusonthelessonagain.Besides,shewasquicktoreplytoanyphonecallsoremailsfromusandgotridofourworriesaboutchildrenquickly.
Whenmysonwenttothe5thgradethisyear,wehappenedtopassherclassroom.Whenshesawmyson,shesmiled,andshecameoutandhuggedhim.Shegenerallylovesallofthechildreninherclassroomandthatlovereallyshows.Icanonlypraythatmysonwillcontinuetogetteachersjustlikeherfortherestofhisschoolyears.
5.Withtheteacher’shelp,thewriter’sson______.
A.becamethebeststudentinhisclass
B.wasinterestedinsingingsongs
C.quicklyfinishedhis4thgradelessons
D.improvedhisgradesgreatly
6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMissGreen?
A.Sheregardedthestudentsasmembersofafamily.
B.Shehadspecialwaystohelpstudentsstudy.
C.Shewasgoodatteachingfootballandmusic.
D.Sheusuallymadeaquickreplytoparents’emails.
7.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.
A.MissGreendidn’tteachthewriter’ssoninthe5thgrade
B.MissGreenwasthebestteacherattheschool
C.allthestudentsintheschoollikedMissGreen
D.thewriter’ssonhadmanyteacherslikeMissGreen
8.Inthepassage,thewritermainlytellsus______.
A.whathissonstudiedatschool
B.hissononcehadagoodteacher
C.howtobeagoodandpopularteacher
D.ateacherwholikedplayingwithstudents
【答案】
5.D
6.C
7.A
8.B
【解析】
3、Englishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageinthehistoryofourplanet.Oneineverysevenhumanbeingscanspeakit.Morethanhalfoftheworld’sbooksandthreequartersofinternationalmailareinEnglish.Ofalllanguages,Englishhasthelargestvocabulary—perhapsasmanyastwomillionwords.
However,let’sfaceit:
Englishisacrazylanguage.Thereisnoegginaneggplant,neitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohaminahamburger.Sweet-meatsarecandy,whilesweetbreads,whicharen’tsweet,aremeat.WetakeEnglishforgranted.Butwhenweexploreitsparadoxes(探讨它的矛盾),wefindthatquicksandcanworkslowly,boxingringsaresquare,publicbathroomshavenobathsinthem.Andwhyisitthatawriterwrites,butfingersdon’tfing,grocersdon’tgroce,andhammersdon’tham?
Ifthepluraloftoothisteeth,shouldn’tthepluralofboothbebeeth?
Onegoose,twogeese—soonemoose,twomeese?
Howcanaslimchanceandafatchancebethesame,whileawisemanandawiseguyareopposites?
Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites,whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike?
Howcantheweatherbehotashellonedayandcoldashellthenext?
Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditreflectsthecreativityofhumanbeings.That’swhy,whenstarsareout,theyarevisible;butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.Andwhy,whenIwindupmywatch,Istartit;butwhenIwindupthisessay,Iendit.
9.Accordingtothepassage______.
A.sweet-meatsandsweetbreadsaredifferentthings
B.thereshouldbeegginaneggplant
C.pineapplesaretheapplesonthepinetree
D.boxingringsshouldberound
10.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectplural?
A.Beeth.B.Geese.C.Meese.D.Tooth.
11.Whichofthefollowingincludestwoitemswhichhavethesimilarmeaning?
A.Awisemanandawiseguy.
B.Overlookandoversee.
C.Quitealotandquiteafew.
D.Hotashellandcoldashell
12.ThroughthemanyparadoxesintheEnglishlanguage,thewriterwantstoshowthathumanbeingsare______.
A.cleverB.crazyC.lazyD.dull
【答案】
9.A
10.B
11.C
12.A
4、Tellastoryandtellitwell,andyoumayopenwidetheeyesofachild,openuplinesofcommunicationinabusiness,orevenopenpeople’smindtoanothercultureorrace.
Peopleinmanyplacesaredigginguptheoldfolkstoriesandthemessagesinthem.Forexample,mostAmericanstorytellersgettheirtalesfromawidevarietyofsources,cultures,andtimes.Theyregardstorytellingnotonlyasausefultoolinchildeducation,butalsoasameaningfulactivitythathelpsadultsunderstandthemselvesaswellasthosewhoseculturemaybeverydifferentfromtheirown.
“Mostlocalstoriesarebasedonalargertheme,”AmericanstorytellerOpalangaPughsays,“Cinderella(灰姑娘),orthecentralideaofagoodchildprotectedbyhergoodness,appearsinvariousformsinalmosteverycultureoftheworld.”
Workingwithstudentsinschools,Pughhelpsthemunderstandtheirownculturesandthegeneralmessagesofthestories.Sheworkswithprisonerstoo,helpingthemknowwhotheyarebytellingstoriesthatherlistenerscanwrite,direct,andactintheirownlives.Iftheydon’tlikethestorytheyareliving,theycanrewritethestory.Pughalsoworkstohelpopenuplinesofcommunicationbetweenmanagersandworkers.“Foreveryadvanceinbusiness,”shesays,“thereisagreaterneedforcommunication.”Storytellingcanhaveagreateffectoneithersideofthemanager-workerrelationship,shesays.
PughspentseveralyearsinNigeria,whereshelearnedhowcloselystorytellingwaslinkedtotheeverydaylifeofthepeoplethere.Thebenefitsofstorytellingarefoundeverywhere,shesays.
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