我唯一的资本是勤奋.pptx
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我唯一的资本是勤奋.pptx
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我唯一的资本是勤奋,(汉语与英语不同的思维方式),我唯一的资本是勤奋1975年,我进入北京工业学院(现在是北京理工大学)时,实际文化程度才是初中一年级,困难是很大的。
我必须用三年的时间,走完如今一个大学生将近九年的路。
头一年,在班上我的成绩是中等偏下,我唯一的资本是自己的毅力。
我想了这样一个道理:
什么叫大学?
大学是一种优势,国家是用成千上万的投资维持和创造这种优势的。
这种优势也许会给别人,但现在给了我。
要把这种优势化作自己的优势,关键在于刻苦学习。
1978年,我以当时比较好的成绩考上了研究生,同年又考上了出国研究生。
1979年10月去英国,第一次看到国外的情况,对比自己的国家,我心里比较难受。
我觉得有责任为建设自己的国家出一份力。
我是一个“工农兵大学生”,对能否作出一篇博士论文心里没有底。
有了研究方向,我便一头扎进图书馆,一呆就是两个月,收集有关的学习文献资料。
我吃饭和休息尽可能简化,每天实际工作十四五个小时。
有一年圣诞节前夜,导师格雷教授路过学校看到实验室还亮着灯,第二天对我说:
你连昨晚都在工作,使我们深感惭愧。
在英国,我多次参加国际学术会议,我的博士论文被校方评为19821983年度最佳物理学博士论文。
1983年底我回国后,感到现在是该我出力的时候了。
1984年,我申请了中国科学院科学基金,从事热自燃理论研究。
1987年,我开始独立指导研究生。
我编出了两本专著、三本教材,有些论文代表了国际上本领域的先进水平。
我唯一的资本是勤奋MyOnlyAssetwasAssiduityinStudyandWorkMyOnlyCapitalwasDiligenceDiligencewasMyOnlyCapital/Wealth,Asset:
property(thathasvalueandthatmaybesoldtopayadebt);avaluablequality,skill,orperson.e.g.Asenseofhumourisagreatassetinthisjob./Sheisatremendousassettothecompany.Capital:
wealth,espmoneyusedtoproducemorewealthorforstartingabusiness.,1975年,我进入北京工业学院(现在是北京理工大学)时,实际文化程度才是初中一年级,困难是很大的。
我必须用三年的时间走完如今一个大学生将近九年的路。
a.WhenIenteredBeijingIndustrialCollegein1975(nowisBeijingUniversityofPolytechnics),myrealculturallevelwasonlygradeoneofjuniormiddleschoolandIhadmuchdifficulty.,b.In1975,whenIenrolledinBeijingIndustrialcollege,IwastrappedintroubleforstudybecausemyactualeducationallevelwasonlyJuniorOne.c.In1975,whenIentered,IonlyhadaneducationequaltoGradeOneofJuniorHighSchool,whichwasverydifficultforme.,Refversionone:
In1975whenIhadonlyjustenteredBeijingIndustryCollege(nowBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity),culturallyasamatteroffactIwasmerelywiththefirstyearofjuniormiddleschool,encounteringtremendousdifficulties,havingtotoaccomplishwithinthreeyearswhatittakesanordinaryuniversitystudenttoinnine.,Refversion2:
In1975whenIhadonlyjustenteredBeijingIndustryCollege(nowBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity),asamatteroffactImerelyhadaneducationofthefirstyearofjuniormiddleschool(/myeducationallevelwasinfactmerelyequaledtothatofthefirstyearofjuniormiddleschool).ThereforeIencounteredtremendousdifficultiesasIhadtoaccomplishwithinthreeyearswhatittookanordinaryuniversitystudenttoinnine.,头一年,在班上我的成绩是中等偏下,我唯一的资本是自己的毅力。
Inthefirstyear,IwasbelowthemediumintheclassInthefirstyear,mystudywasatthelevelofaveragebelow,andwhatIcoulddependonwaswillpowerInthefirstyearofmycollegeIwasbelowaveragestudents,butthe,Inthefirstyearmystudyrecordwasmerelyfairtomiddling.Mysingleassetwasperseverance,though.,Fair:
quitegood,large,etc.;reasonable.e.g.Hisknowledgeofthelanguageisfair.Herwrittenworkisexcellent,butherpracticalworkisonlyfair-to-middling.,我想了这样一个道理:
什么叫大学?
大学是一种优势,国家是用成千上万的投资维持和创造这种优势的。
Iheldsuchatheory:
whatisauniversity?
ItisasocialadvantageIthoughtsuchatruth.Ithoughandgotaprinciple:
whatwascollege?
Collegewasakindofsocialadvantage.Thecountrymaintainedandcreatedthisadvantagebyprovidingthousandsofinvestment.,Ifelltomeditatingaboutthereasonfortheexistenceofauniversity.Tomyminditwasakindofsocialsuperioritycreatedandsupportedbythecountrywithumpteenfinancialinvestment.Superiority:
thequalityofbeingbetter,moreskillful,morepowerful.Privilege:
aspecialadvantagelimitedtoaparticularpersonorgroup.E.g.Educationisaprivilege,notarightinmanycountries.,在翻译的时候必须注意词义的相容性。
(semanticcompatibility)Firth:
Youknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.(theoryofmutualexpectancy),e.g.疯狂的侵略frenziedaggressionvsblatant/flagrantaggression.Frenzied:
astateofwilduncontrolledfeeling;asudden,butnotlasting,attackofmadness.批判师道尊严:
tocriticizethedignityofateacherVStocriticizetheabsoluteauthorityofateacher.深化改革:
todeepenreformVStodeepenonescommitmenttoreformTodeepencrisis/understanding,汉英翻译中,也要注意英文结构上的相容性。
(syntacticcompatibility):
e.g.Hechallengedmetoagameoftennis.Theychallengedtheauthorityofthecourt.汉英词序不同的问题:
维持和创造;大小;迟早;东南西北;我你他;前后;左右;衣食住Createdandmaintainedbythecountry/smallandlarge/soonerorlater/north,south,eastandwest/you,heandI/backandforth/rightandleft/food,clothingandhousing,这种优势也许会个别人,但现在给了我。
要把这种优势化做自己的优势,关键在于刻苦学习。
Thisadvantagewouldbegiventoothers,butnowitwasmine.Inordertotransfertheadvantagefromsocialtoprivate,Ihadtoworkhard.Suchanadvantagemaybenotcertainlyonme,nowithasbeengiventome.Inordertotransfersuchanadvantageintointernalizedadvantage,hard-workingisthekey.,Ref:
Thissuperioritywasgiventomeastoothers.NowIhadthisshare,howhardImusttrytoturnittothebestpossibleaccount,thelinchpinlyinginmyleaningoverbackwards!
1978年。
我以当时比较好的成绩考上了研究生,同年又考上了出国研究生。
In1978,Iwasadmittedtobeapostgraduatewithexcellentmarksinentranceexamination.InthesameyearIwonthechanceofofdoctorateresearchabroad.In1978,Ipassedthepostgraduateexamwithaquitegoodmarkandtheexamofoverseaspostgraduate.Ibecameapostgraduatewithcomparativelybetterremarkatthattime,andIwasadmittedtostudypostgraduateabroadinthesameyear.,Ref:
In1978Ipassedtheexaminationwithcomparativelygoodresultsand(accordingtotherequirementsofthetime)wasadmittedasapostgraduatestudent.LaterinthesameyearIsucceededinanotherexaminationforgoingabroadforfurtherstudies.,1979年10月去英国,第一次看到国外的情况,对比自己的国家,我心里比较难受。
我觉得有责任为建设自己的国家出一分力。
IwenttoBritain.ForthefirsttimeIsawothercountryssituation.Comparedwithmyowncountry,Ifeltveryupsetandthoughtitwasmyresponsibilitytocontributetothebuildingofmycountry.IwenttoBritainandhadseentheconditionofaforeigncountry,Ifeltalittlebitsad.IrealizedthatIhadtheresponsibilitytoexertmyselftotheconstructionofmycountry.,Ref:
InOctober,1979IwenttoEngland.ThereIcametoseeconditionsquitenewtome;comparingthemwiththoseinmyowncountryIcouldnothelpfeelingdisheartenedandthatIforonehadtheabsoluteresponsibilitytomakesomecontributiontowardsourcountrysconstruction.,我是一个“工农兵”大学生,对能否做出一篇博士论文心里没有底。
Iwasastudent.IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldwriteanarticleofDoctor/doctorsthesis.Imoneofthestudentsfromworkers,peasantsandsoldiers.IwasnotfullconvincedwhetherIcouldworkoutadoctoralthesis.IwasuncertainwhetherIcouldfinishmydoctorpaper.,Ref:
Havingbeenfromtheworker-peasant-soldiercategoryofstudents,Ihadlittleself-confidenceastowhetherIcouldwriteadoctoratedissertation.,有了研究方向,我便一头扎进图书馆,一呆就是两个月,收集有关的学习文献资料。
我吃饭和休息尽可能简化,每天实际工作十四五个小时。
Withtheresearchorientationset,Iplungedintothelibraryandspentabouttwomonthscollectingreferencematerials.Itriedtofinishmymealandrestasquicklyaspossibleandactuallyworkedfor14or15hoursperday.Buriedmyselfinthelibraryandstayedtherefor2months,collectingrelateddocuments.Simplifiedtheprocessofeatingandsleeping.,Ref:
Nevertheless,oncegiventhedirectionofresearchworkIplungedmyselfintoitandfrequentedthelibraryfortwomonthsnonstop,browsingbooksandcollectingreferencematerials.Iallowed,myselfonlysnacksinordertosavetimeforstudyandcutthetimeforrestdowntotheminimum.,有一年圣诞节前夜,导师格雷教授路过学校看到实验室还亮着灯,第二天对我说:
你连昨晚都在工作,使我们深感惭愧。
Oneyear,onthenightbeforeChristmas,Prof.Gray,mysupervisor,walkedpasttheschoolandsawthelighttheinlabstillon.Nextdayhesaidtome,“wefeelshamefulthatyouwerestillworkinglastnight.”hetoldmethenextdaythathefeltashamed.“Yourworkinglastnightreallyembarrassedus.”“wewerefeelingashamedbecauseyouevenworkedonChristmaseve.”.,Ref:
Oneyear,onChristmasEvemytutorProf.Gray,happeningtopassbythelaboratory,sawthelightsinsidestillon.Thenextmorninghesaidtome:
“Evenlastnightyoudidnotstopworking!
Imustsaythatcomparedwithyouwefeelashamedofourselves,indeed!
”,在英国,我多次参加国际学术会议,我的博士论文被校方评为1982-1983年度最佳物理学博士论文。
InEnglandIparticipatedininternationalacademicsessionsforseveraltimesandmythesiswaselectedasthemostremarkabledoctoralthesisinphysics.WhenIwasinBritain,Itookpartininternationalconferencemanytimes.MydoctorpaperwaschosentobethebestPHDthesisonphysicsin1982to1983.,Ref:
DuringmysojourninEnglandIattendedseveralsymposiumsonacademicsubjects.Mydoctoratedissertationwasappraisedbytheauthoritiesconcernedasthebestamongothersonphysicsfortheyear1982-1983.,1983年底我回国后,感到现在是该我出力的时,候了。
IfeltitwastimeformetodomybitwhenIcamebackin1983.Attheendof1983,IcamebacktoChinaandfeltitwastimeformetodosomething.Ref:
Bytheendof1983Icamebacktomyhomecountry.NowthetimehadcomeformetoworkasbestIcould.,1984年,我申请了中国科学院科学基金,从事热自燃理论研究。
1987年,我开始独立指导研究生。
我编出了两本专著、三本教材,有些论文代表了国际上本领域的先进水平。
IappliedtothesciencefundofScienceAcademyofChinafortheresearchofspontaneousignitionin1984.In1987Ibecameatutor.BynowIhadpublished2monographs,3teachingmaterialsandsomepapersofwhichareintheleadingpositioninthefield.In1984IappliedscholarshipfromChineseAcademyofSciencestodoresearchin.Ibegantodirectmygraduatestudent.Iwrote2bookdsand3textbooksandsomethesesorminerepresentedtheadvancedlevelofthisfieldintheworld.,Ref:
In1984IappliedforandwasawardedafundfromtheChinaAcademyofSciencesFoundation,whichenabledmetogetstartedwiththeresearchintospontaneousignition.,In1987Ibegantoteachpostgraduatestudentsonmyownwhilemakinguseofmysparetimeincompilingtwobooksonspecializedsubjectsandalsothreetextbooks.Someofmythesesreflectedadvancedstagesknowninternationallyintheparticulararea.,AdditionalMaterial:
如何翻译汉语中一些常见而自然、
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