人教版八年级上册第三单元讲义.docx
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人教版八年级上册第三单元讲义.docx
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人教版八年级上册第三单元讲义
XX教育学科教师辅导讲义
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学员姓名:
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课程日期及时段
年月日时分——时分
课程主题
总复习八年级上册Unit3
课程目标
掌握形容词、副词比较级相关规则和句子
全面复习三单元
重/难点
含有比较级的具体句子
易错点
原级转化为比较级的规则
固定结构的运用
教学内容
一、
导入目录(5minutes)
1.提问复习上节课所学内容;
2.串讲课文小知识点;
3.Unit3主要讲了一个重要的知识点——形容词的运用以及副词的比较级及其变化规则。
这个知识点在中考中是一个十分常见也十分重要的考点。
4.串讲这个单元的细碎知识点;
Comparethemwithyourownlanguage.
Whoistaller?
Whoisshorter?
Whoisbiggerandwhoissmaller?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
二、课前自主学习(previewandreview)(15minutes)
1.Readthetextonpage21.
2.Thenanswerthesequestionsinthisplan.
3.Recitethewordsandtrytowritedown.
Q1:
WhatisthetitleofUnit3?
Q2:
WhatisthetitleofUnit4?
Q3:
Whatisthemainpointofthesetwounits?
Q4:
Arethereanyotherimportantphrasesorsentenceswhichyouhavefoundout?
Ifthereare,thenwhatarethey?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
三、知识梳理+经典例题
(一)、形容词的功能
1.作定语:
一般放在所修饰词的前面
eg:
Sheisanicegirl.
It’s a cold and windy day.
她是个很和善的女士。
→Sheisa________lady.
他是个四岁的男孩。
→Heisa__________(fouryearsold)boy.
合成形容词的构成:
(1).数词+名词(单数)
one-child (独生子的); two-hour(两小时的);1,000,000-pound(百万英镑的)
(2).数词+名词(可数,单数)+形容词
three-year-old 三岁的; six-inch-tall 六英尺高的;seven-foot-wide 七英尺宽的
30-storey-high 三十层高的; 800-meter-long八百米长的
(3).数词+名词+ed
one-eyed (独眼的); four-storeyed (四层的); two-faced (两面的) ;
three-legged (三条腿的); four-footed (四足的)
(4).形容词+普通名词
full-time (全日制的;全职的); second-hand(经营旧货的);mid-term(期中的)
first-rate (第一流的); high-class(高级的); large-scale(大规模的)
(5).形容词+名词+ed
kind-hearted (好心的); cold-blooded (无情的,冷血的); noble-minded (高尚的)
warm-hearted (热情的); middle-aged (中年的); good-tempered (脾气好的)
ill-tempered(脾气不好的);narrow-minded(心胸狭窄的); absent-minded(心不在焉的)
long-legged(腿长的); short/long-sighted (近/远视的); far-sighted(有远见的)
straight-faced(板着脸的); sweet-tempered (性情温和的); tender-hearted(软心肠的)
dark-skinned Africans (黑皮肤的非洲人)
(6).形容词(副词)+现在分词
good-looking (好看的) tired-looking(面带倦容的) ordinary-looking (长相一般的)
hard-working (勤劳的) easy-going (随和的) ever-lasting (永恒的)
well-meaning (善意的)
(7).形容词(副词)+过去分词
new-born(新生的);well-dressed (衣冠楚楚的); ready-made (现成的);
wide-spread (广泛流传的);hard-won(得来不易的);
so-called (所谓的);newly-built (新建的);quick-frozen(速冻的)
newly-published(新出版的); well-informed(消息灵通的); well-educated(受过良好教育的)
badly-paid(低工资的)
(8).形容词(副词)+形容词
dark-blue(深蓝色的); light-green(浅绿色的); all-round (全面的);
wide-awake(完全清醒的);red-hot (炽热的);hardly-conscious(不自觉的)
(9).名词+现在分词
English-speaking(讲英语的); life-saving (求生的);mouth-watering(令人垂涎的);
peace-loving(爱好和平的);world-shaking(震撼世界的);man-eating (吃人的)
(10).名词+过去分词
hand-made(手工制的); heart-broken(令人心碎的);ice-covered (冰雪覆盖的);
horse-drawn(马拉的); state-owned(国有的);self-employed( 个体户的;自己经营的)
(11).名词+形容词
ice-cold(冰冷的); life-long (终生的);world-famous (全国的);
snow-white (雪白的);nation-wide(全国性的);duty-free(免税的)
(12).名词+(普通)名词
X-ray(X光的); English-language(英语)
(13).动词+副词:
takeaway(外卖的;可带走的)
(14). 名词+介词:
child-like (像小孩子的)
注意:
else只能做后置定语,修饰疑问代词what,who,whom,whose等;
以及不定代词 something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody等。
eg.What else would you like ?
只能作定语的形容词:
little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的;
复合形容词kind-hearted善良的,man-made人造的,take-away可带走的等。
eg.My elder brother is in Beijing.
eg.My father is a kind-hearted man.
2.作表语:
放在系动词(be,feel,look,smell,get,become等)的后面
eg:
Thisdishtastesdelicious.
He looks happy today.
你真高。
→Youareso_____.
他感到很孤独。
→Hefeelsvery_______(alone).
只能作表语的形容词:
afraid害怕;alone独自的;
asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;
alive活着的;well健康的;
ill病的;frightened害怕的
eg.He is awake.
3.宾语补足语:
常与make,leave,keep等动词连用。
eg:
Hedoesn’tbelievethestorytrue.
科技使我们的生活越来越简单。
→Technologymakesourlife__________(easy).[XX教育原创]
4.作状语
eg:
Hegothomefinally,safebuttired.
→___________,hestillwentonworking.
虽然又渴又饿,但他还继续工作。
(二)、副词的功能
1.修饰动词2.修饰副词
eg:
Herunsfast.eg:
Heworksveryhard.
3.修饰形容词4.修饰整个句子
eg:
Sheisaverysmartgirl.eg:
Generally,wedrinkwhenwefeelthirsty.
练习:
1._____(sudden),hejumped.
2.HecanspeakEnglishvery_____(good).
3.Hestudiesvery_____(hard).
4.Heranaway_____(happy).
(三)、形容词、副词的比较级的变化规则
1.+er,(一般情况下)
long→tall→smart→short→
2.前面+more(部分双音节,多音节)
clearly→outgoing→important→
3.辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+er
busy→easy→funny→early→
4.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾的形容词,双写这个辅音字母+er
hot→fat→big→
5.不规则
good/well→bad→old→many/much→little→far→
(四)、比较级的固定用法
1....as+原级+as...(not...so/as+原级+as...)
Sheworksas_____(hard)ashersister.
2.more...than...
Ihave_________(many)applesthanmyfriends.[XX教育原创]
3.The+比较级+句子,the+比较级+句子
The_______youwork,the_________scoreyouwillget.(hard,good)[XX教育原创]
4.比较级+and+比较级(moreandmore+形容词原级)
Theweatherisgetting__________________(cold).
Youaregettingmoreandmore_________(beautiful).[XX教育原创]
5.the+比较级+ofthetwo
Sheis__________________(beautiful)oneofthetwo.(两者)[XX教育原创]
Sheis__________________(beautiful)oneofthethree.(三者)
6.The+序数词+最高级...表示:
第几最...
Heisthesecondtallestboyinourclass.
Heisoneofthetallestboysinourclass.
Heistallerthantheotherboysinourclass.
Heistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.
注意:
常见的修饰形容词比较级的短语和单词
muchalittleabitfar
细碎知识点总结:
A.like的用法
liketodo是指一时的打算,有“愿意”的意思,与wouldliketodo有相似意思
likedoing是习惯性的,有种喜欢的倾向
Ilikeapplepies,butIdonotliketotakeasecondone.
Ilikereadinginthestudy.
B.enjoydoing,enjoyoneself
MyfriendsandIenjoy______(study)together.
Iwenttotheparkyesterday,andIenjoyed_____(I)somuch.
C.Itiseasy/interesting/necessaryforsb.todosth.
Itisveryeasyformeto______(carry)thisstone.
D.条件状语从句:
if(如果)、unless(=ifnot除非)、aslongas(只要),遵循主将从
现的规则(其中when也遵循主将从现)
①.Iwillnotleaveifyougivemesomemoney.
②.Iwillnotleaveunlessyougivemesomemoney.
③.Iwillgiveyoumybook,aslongasyoukeepitclean.
④.HewillcallmewhenhearrivesinShanghai.
E.bedifferentfrom...和...不同(名词形式:
difference→makeadifference有影响)
Iamverydifferentfrommyfriends.
欢欢和迎迎不同。
→
F.thesame...as和...一致,与...同样的
Mybagisthesameasyours.(√)
Mybagisthesamelikeyours.(×)
Mydressisthesame_____mybestfriend’s.
G.careabout关心,担心carefor=lookafter照看,照顾
take(good)careof...照顾...
H.make的用法makesb.dosth.makesb.+adj
eg.makemefeelbettermakemeclear
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
四、随堂练
(一).按要求写出下面单词的正确形式
smartfunnyhardoutgoingfriendlywellpopularseriousshy
hard-workingimportantcheapexpensive
比较级最高级比较级最高级
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
__________________________
(二).完成下列句子。
1.〖1〗.Sheisas_____ashermother.(tall)
〖2〗.Sheis__________________thanherbrother.(popular)
〖3〗.The________kidsare,the_______theywilleat.(tall,much)
〖4〗.Theboybecomes____________________.(tall)
〖5〗.Lilyisthethird________inourschool.(tall)
〖6〗.Mysisteristwoyears_______(old)thanI.
〖7〗.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_____(young).
〖8〗.The_____(cheap)bagsarethenotusuallythebestones.
〖9〗.Theshortoneisbyfar_______expensiveofthefive.
〖10〗.Dicksings_____(well).shesings______(well)thanJohn,butMarysings______(well)inherclass.
〖11〗.Shewillbemuch______(happy)inhernewhouse.
〖12〗.Thisdressis______thanthat.(expensive)
〖13〗.Welcometotheparty.Pleaseenjoy____(you).
〖14〗.Theweatherissogreat.Itmakesme_____(feel)betternow.
〖15〗.WeallloveTom,_____(因为)helikesto_________(编造)jokestomakeus_______(laugh).
〖16〗.Lily________________________(起重要作用)intakingtheboytohospital.
〖17〗.Tomisniceandheis_______________(不同)hisbrother.
〖18〗.Heis____________(寻找)hisbook.
〖19〗.Igottheprize_________(由于)herhelp.
〖20〗.Herdressis____________(与...同样的)hersisters’.
2.选择正确答案。
〖1〗.Weshouldeat___vegetablesand___meattokeephealthy.
A.more,moreB.less,lessC.more,lessD.less,more
〖2〗.-Dad,couldyoubuymeaMP4likethis?
-Sure,wecanbuy_______onethanthis,_______this.
A.aworse,asgoodasB.abetter,betterthan
C.acheaper,asgoodasD.amoreimportant,notasgoodas
〖3〗.Thispicture_________beautiful______thethree.
A.more,thanB.more,ofC.themost,ofD.most,in
〖4〗.Bobswims_____thanI,buthedoesn’tswim_____mybrother.
A.muchwell,aswellasB.better,asgoodas
C.better,sowellasD.better,sogoodas
〖5〗.Mr.Fathas______moneythanMr.Thin,buthehas_____friends.
A.more,fewerB.fewer,moreC.more,lessD.less,fewer
〖6〗.Theappleis_______forustwo.【XX教育原创】
A.sobigB.enoughbigC.bigenoughD.bigso
〖7〗.Please______thepeoplewhohelpsyou.【XX教育原创】
A.begoodatB.begoodforC.begoodtoD.begoodwith
〖8〗.Wintercomes,sotheweathergets_______.
A.colderandcoldB.coldandcold
C.colderandcolderD.coldandcolder
〖9〗.MymumtookmetotheKFCtoday.SoIate_______,andstillfeelfullnow.【XX教育原创】
A.toomanyB.muchtooC.toomuchD.manytoo
〖10〗.Mysisterisgettingtallerandtaller,becomingmoreand
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