研究生英语阅读教程下册教案电子版2.docx
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研究生英语阅读教程下册教案电子版2.docx
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研究生英语阅读教程下册教案电子版2
UnitSeven:
TheVirtuesofAmbition
JosephEpstein
ExplanationoftheText
1.defineitandyouinstantlyrevealagreatdealaboutyourself:
thewayyoupersonallydefineambitionwilltellalotaboutyou,yourdreams,yourdesire,yourvalues,yourphilosophy,etc.revealv.:
makeknownsomethingthatwaspreviouslysecretorhiddene.g.Herevealedthathehadbeeninprisontwicebefore.Hisbiographyrevealedthatshewasnotasrichaseveryonethought.Theselettersrevealedhimasanhonestman.
2.giveitselfaway:
revealitselfgiveoneself/someoneaway:
revealoneself/someone;showone'srealselfsecrete.g.Theswindlergavehimselfawaywhenhewasaskedtoestablishhisidentity.Shereallylikeshimandthinksnooneknows,butthelookonherfacewhenImentionedhisnamegaveheraway.
3.assumesaheatincommensuratewithgoodsenseandstability:
takesonadesiredisproportionatetogoodsenseandstabilitybecommensuratewith/to:
matchsomethinginsize,quality,orlengthoftime;suitable相称的,相当的e.g.Thesalarywillbecommensuratewithage,experienceandposition.Hewasgivenajobcommensuratewithhisabilities.becommensurableto/with:
canbemeasuredbythesamestandardas相应的,匀称的e.g.Theirachievementsarenotcommensurabletotheirhardwork.
4.beambitiousforthepublicgood,forthealleviationofsuffering,fortheenlightenmentofmankind:
strivetobesuccessful,rich,powerful,etc.,inordertohelpthepublic,toeasehumansuffering,toenlightenmankind
5.Surelyambitionisbehinddreamsofglory:
Ambitionmakespossibledreamsofglory.Payattentiontothemeaningof"behind"inthefollowingsentences:
e.g.:
Iknewthatbehind(=hiddenby)hersmilewassadness.MarieCuriewasthewomanbehind(=responsiblefor)enormouschangesinthescienceofchemistry.Hewonderedwhatwasbehind(=thetruereasonfor)hisneighbor'ssuddenfriendliness.We'reallbehind(=insupportofyouinthisdecision.
6.distinctionn.:
1)classificationoftwoormore;acleardifferencebetweentwosimilarthings区分,区别e.g.Doothercountrieshavethesamedistinctionbetweenamateurandprofessional?
Lookatthemcloselywhentheyoccurseparatelyandthedistinctionbetweenthemisthenclear.2)qualityofexcellence;honor,markofrespect非凡,卓越e.g.Heisamanofdistinctioninhisowncountry.Ihadthegreatdistinctionofbeinginvitedtospeakattheconference.
7.Whatlifedoeswithourdreamsandexpectations:
Whatwillactuallyhappentoourdreamsandexpectationsduringourlives.dowith:
getonwithsomebody;haveaconnectionwithsomething.e.g.:
Truthtotell,Idon'tknowhowtodowithhim.Theprogramhastodowithmentalillness.dowithout:
getalongwithout没有...也行e.g.AsOldLiisn'there,weshallhavetodowithouthim.
8.Theunpredictabilityoftheoutcomeofdreamsisnoreasontoceasedreaming:
Althoughtheoutcomeofdreamscannotbepredicted,oneshouldn'tstopdreaming.
9.thesheerthing:
Thewordsheerisusedforemphasis,andthesheerthingmeansthesimple,purething.e.g.Thesuggestionissheernonsense.Theengine'ssheersizewouldmakeitdifficulttotransport.
10.somelargerpurposethanmerelyclamberingup:
areasontodomorethanmerelyclimbupsociallyormaterially
11.prospectn.:
likelihood;somethingoneexpectse.g.Therewaslittleprospectofsignificantmilitaryaid.Successorfailureherewouldbecrucialtohisfutureprospects.SherejoicedattheprospectoftheChinatrip.
12.Asdrunkshavedonetoalcohol,thesingle-mindedhavedonetoambition-givenitabadname:
Justaspeoplewhohavehadtoomuchalcoholhavegivenalcoholabadname,sopeoplewhohavehadonlyoneaim,togetwhattheythemselveswant,havegivenambitionabadname.
13.Likeatasteforalcohol,too,ambitiondoesnotalwaysallowforeasysatiation:
Aswithpeoplewhoenjoythetasteofalcohol,itisverydifficultforambitiouspeopletobecomesatisfied,theyusuallywanttoobtainmoreandmore.Tasteheremeanspreference.satiatev.:
(usu.passive)completelysatisfy(oneselforone'sneeds)e.g.Hedrankgreedilyuntilhisthirstwassatiated.Thecompanycanhardlyproduceenoughofthesetoystosatiatepublicdemand.
14.drivingambitionunderthecounter:
forcingambitiontobecomesecretandhidden
underthecounter:
secretly;illegallye.g.handlebusinessunderthecounter;Thebannedbookwassoldunderthecounter.Atleastoneofmyownnovelshastobesoldunderthecounterasthoughitwerewhisky.(...好像私下里卖whisky似的)
15.Theambitiousindividual,farfromidentifyinghimselfandhisfortuneswiththegroup,wishestoriseaboveit:
Anambitiouspersondoesnotwanttobepartofagroup,buthewishestoprogressandoutdistanceit.Farfrom:
notatalle.g.Thenewspaperaccountsarefarfrom(being)true.Hewasfarfromtheattainmentofhisobject.Itisn'tfarfromthetruth.Farfromeye,farfromheart.眼不见,心不想。
identify...with:
equatewith;associateoneselfwith等同,联系e.g.IfIprotestedhewouldatonceidentifymewithhisfather.Itisamistaketoidentifyartwithlife.Shehasalwaysbeenidentifiedwiththeradicalleft.Ididn'tenjoythemoviebecauseIcouldn'tidentifywithanyofthecharacters.(Ididn'tenjoythemoviebecauseIfeltunabletoshareorunderstandthesituationorfeelingsofanyofthecharacters.)
16.arguethosepossessedbyitintobelieving:
persuadethosewhoarecontrolledbyambitiontobelieveargue...into:
persuadetodosomethinge.g.:
Theyarguedhimintoadoptionoftheplan.Youwanttoarguemeintoagreeingyourproposal?
possessvt.:
controle.g.I'mabsolutelydreadingmakingtheafter-dinnerspeech-Idon'tknowwhatpossessedmetoagreetoit.possessed(by)a.:
obsessed(with)e.g.Sheispossessedbyherdrivetogetintothebestcollege.Ifyoubehavelikesomeonepossessed,youbehaveinawildanduncontrolledmanner(oftenassociatedwithanevilspirit)sothatotherpeopledon'tunderstandyou.
17.adog-eat-dogworld:
aworldthatisverycompetitiveoraverycompetitiveworldwheretheweakarethepreyofthestrong
18.theyaredistinguishedbywantingtobethedogsthatdotheeating:
whatmakesthemdifferentisthattheywanttocomeoutontopinthecompetition
19.Fromhereitisbutashorthopbelieve:
Fromthispoint,itiseasytothink...but:
only,just(Itcanalsobeusedtogiveforcetoastatement.)e.g.She'sbutayounggirl!
Everyone,buteveryone,willbethere.
20.throughcorruption:
bydishonestandillegalmeans
21.highplaces:
highpositions
22.onambition'sbehalf:
becauseofambitiononsomeone'sbehalf(onbehalfofsomeone):
becauseof;representing;forthesakeofe.g.Pleasedon'tleaveonmybehalf.Onbehalfofthecompanyasawhole,Iwouldliketothankyouforallyourwork.Unfortunately,GeorgecannotbewithustodaysoIampleasedtoacceptthisawardonhisbehalf.
23.notleast:
(usu.nottheleast)especiallye.g.Thepresident'sspeecheswerealarming,not(the)leasttothecountry'sallies.nottheleast/notintheleast/nottheleastbit:
noneatall;notatalle.g.Shedidn'tseemtheleastbitworried.
24.Thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis:
Thesituationisfilledwithhypocrisy.anoteof:
showingsomeone'sthinkingandfeelingbythewaytheirvoicesounds口气,特征e.g.anoteofanger/jealousy/anxiety
25.Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditsaccoutrementsnowthanformerly:
Certainlypeoplenowseemasmuchinterestedinsuccessandthecomfortsthatcomewithitasbefore.accoutrement:
(usuallyinpl)equipment
26.lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitive,vulgar:
inorderthattheynotbethoughtambitious,greedyill-mannered,lest:
incase;inorderthat...note.g.:
I'llbekindtoherlestshedecidetoleaveme.
27.Insteadwearetreatedtofinepharisaicalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:
Weseemorehypocriticalexamplesnowthanever.treat...to:
supply...with...e.g.Ishalltreatmyselftoagoodweekendholiday.JohntreatedLindatothetheaterwhentheymetfirsttime.Iofferedtotreatyoutodinner.treatn.:
aspecialevent;somethingpleasante.g.GrannytookusforteaatLyonsConnerHouseasaspecialtreat.AmealathomecameasarealtreatafteralltheinstitutionalfoodI'vebeenhaving.
28.quarter:
findlodging
29.inallphasesoflife:
inallstagesoflife
30.itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive:
Publicdefendersofambitionarefew.Inthecaseswheretheyarenotextremelyrepulsive,theyareunimpressive.whereconj.:
Itcanbeusedtointroduceaclausethatcontrastswiththeotherpartofthesentence.e.g.Wheremostpeoplesawnothingbutahardenedcriminal,Johnsawalonelyanddesperateman.
31.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandinculcatedintheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates:
Asaresult,supportforambitionasarespectedvaluetobetaughttoyouthislowerthaneverintheUS.inculcate...in/intosomebodye.g.:
inculcateyoungpeoplethedutyofloyality
32.atanend:
finishede.g.Thislatestinjurymustsurelymeanthathertenniscareerisnowatanend.
33.itsstirringsandpromoting:
itsstimulationandencouragement
34.aswitnesstheblatantpratingsofitscontemporarypromoters:
asshownintheoffensiveongoingidletalkofitscurrentsponsors.
35.getoninlife:
besuccessfulinlife
36.distrustfulofambition:
suspiciousabout/ofambitionbedistrustfulof:
besuspiciousaboute.g.Iwasdistrustfulofhismotives.
37.weretoblamefor:
wereresponsiblefor;werethereasonfore.g.:
Thehotweatherispartlytoblameforthewatershortag
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