高考英语完形填空附答案.docx
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高考英语完形填空附答案.docx
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高考英语完形填空附答案
2.同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。
一个语篇,一个话题,要求有与之相连的词汇。
1〕名词同现:
与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。
如:
school---primaryschool—middleschool—college—universitystudents—pupils—graduates—postgraduates
2〕动词同现:
与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。
如:
school—teach—learn—attend—found—dropout—graduate—bedismissed
3〕形容词同现;就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。
如:
在学校这个语境中:
(key〕school—〔optional〕course—〔compulsory〕course
4〕构造同现:
构造同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。
如:
①some⋯,others;ononehand⋯,ontheotherhand;former⋯,latter;so⋯that;notonly⋯butalso;
hardly/scarcely⋯when⋯;nosooner⋯than⋯;beabouttodo/bedoing/haddone/beonthepointofdoing/betodo/be
readytodo/beontheway⋯when⋯;
Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn‘temptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,
aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew______,dressedneatly.
A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborDpanion
②The60Knows
⋯⋯.Smell,however,doesseemtoplayapartinhumanattraction.
60.A.NoseB.EyeC.HeartD.Hand
解题思路七:
仔细分析长难句。
找出句子主干,主从句,定语状语等。
①Intoday‘sAmericansociety,highschooldropouthasdaybydaygrownintoabigproblemthreateningsocial
andeconomicstability,asmanycasesoffamily___51___oreventragedies,causedbyyouthdropoutaregrabbing
headlinesinmedia.
51.A.objectionsB.conflictsC.establishmentsD.happiness
答案:
B。
长难句分析,第一层是as引导的原因状语从句,主句是schooldropouthasgrownintoabig
problem.后面紧跟动名词做定语。
As从句中caused过去分词作后置定语。
在进展句子分析时,一定注意把定语等找出来。
②Inmanycountries,thelanguageofeducationisnotthesameasthelanguageofthehomefor53themajority
ofchildren.Furthermore,inmanycountries,younglanguagelearnerscomprisethemostrapidlygrowingsegmentof
theelementary(primary)schoolpopulation.54Whileinsomeschoolsthereisnoextrasupporttohelpyounglanguagelearnersacquirethelanguageofinstruction,inmostcountrieswheretherearelargenumbersofyounglearners,thereisa___55___awarenessoftheirspecialneeds.
55.A.reducingB.watchingC.growingD.slipping
解析:
55题根据前文可以推断出选C.growing表示提高的意识。
可以对这个长句子进展长难句分析:
首先
是while引导的让步状语从句。
在while从句中运用了helpsbdosth的构造。
在主句中,where引导的定
语从句,先行词是countries.
解题思路八:
仔细推敲,注重逻辑。
做完完形填空题后,要根据所选答案迅速地把文章完整地读一遍,看语法、惯用法对不对;看是否符合上下文的逻辑;看是否符合故事情节的开展,以便更正可能的错误选择。
一个完整的语篇应该是符合逻辑的,文章逻辑
1培养孩子终生学习动力4
关系的取得主要靠过渡词的使用。
作者利用转承语保证文章的逻辑,学生在做完形填空时应通过自己对上下文
的理解,找到适当的逻辑关系,然后选择正确的过渡词。
学生必掌握常见的过渡词:
1.递进
inaddition,furthermore,again,also,besides,moreover,what‘smore,whatmatters‘worse,worse,totomake
makethingsworse,worsestill
2.比拟
inthesameway,aswith,similarly,equally,incomparison,justas
3.对照
incontrast,ontheotherhand,instead,however,nevertheless,unlike,onthecontrary,while4.因果
because,becauseof,for,since,dueto,owingto,thanksto,asaresult(of),so,thus5.强调
certainly,aboveall,indeed,ofcourse,surely,actually,asamatteroffact,especially,inparticular,absolutely
6.让步
although,though,afterall,inspiteof
7.举例
forexample,forinstance,thatis,namely,suchas,inotherwords,inthiscase,bywayofillustration.
8.时间和空间
afterward,after,first,later,then,soon,finally,atlast
outside,near,beyond,above,below,ontheright(left),inthemiddle,opposite,infrontof
9.总结
tosumup,toconclude,inaword,inshort,inbrief,allinall,inall,insummary
表示转折关系:
例1:
(浦东新区2021年二模)
asurveyof99greenbuildingsinAmericafoundthatonaverage,theyuse30%lessenergythanconventionalbuildings.⋯⋯.Thetraditionalapproachoftryingtominimizeconstructioncosts,___58___,canleadtohigherenergybillsandwastedmaterials.
58.A.inreturnB.forinstanceC.bycontrastD.ingeneral
答案解析:
绿色建筑比传统建筑少用30%的能源,与之形成比照的是,传统建筑会导致更高的能源本钱及材
料的浪费。
所以选C,与上文形成转折比照。
例2:
(普陀区2021年二模)
Thefollowingnumberswouldbe55formostofustoremember.1492178919931848.Butlookatthemin
―chunks‖,anditbecomesmucheasier.1492178919931848.
55.A.convenientB.impossibleC.meaningfulD.technical
答案解析:
两句之间的But说明是转折关系,下文出现了“itbecomesmucheasier,〞所以此空要填的词与easier形成比照,即选B,impossible。
表示因果关系:
例1:
(浦东新区2021年二模)
___51___itsartfuldesignandsomefancytechnology,itisexpectedtoconsumeupto50%lessenergythana
1培养孩子终生学习动力5
conventionalofficebuilding.
51.A.InplaceofB.ThankstoC.InspiteofD.Inadditionto
答案解析:
句意是“由于艺术性的设计及奇特的技术,环保建筑大楼比传统的办公大楼少消耗50%的能源〞,
所以此空可得出答案为B。
例2:
(浦东新区2021年二模)
asurveyof99greenbuildingsinAmericafoundthatonaverage,theyuse30%lessenergythanconventional
buildings.Soanyadditionalbuildingcostscanbe___57___quickly.
57.A.recoveredB.gainedC.countedD.valued
答案解析:
句意是“绿色建筑比传统建筑少用30%能源,所以增加的建筑本钱可以很快回收。
〞提示词So,说明
上下文为因果关系,所以选A.
表示并列关系:
例1:
(浦东新区2021年二模)
⋯⋯improveemployee‘shealthandproductivity,reducelegalliability,and56__propertyvaluesandrental
returns.
56.A.involveB.enhanceC.shareD.show
答案解析:
句意是“绿色环保建筑能够改善员工的XX及生产力,并且增加建筑的价值及租金回报〞,根据and
可看出此空是与前面的improve构成并列。
四个选项中,只有B表示“增强或提高〞,所以答案为B。
表示条件关系:
例1:
(普陀区2021年二模)
Lifewouldbesomucheasierifwecouldrememberthings51.
51.A.effortlesslyB.purposefullyC.exactlyD.carelessly
答案解析:
句意是“生活将变的更容易,如果记忆不费力气。
〞所以选A。
表示讲解关系:
例1:
(普陀区2021年二模)
thereisnothing61aboutthesemethods-----theywerearoundeveninancienttimes.
61.A.effectiveB.awfulC.valuableD.new
答案解析:
句意是“这些方法没有什么新颖之处---他们在古代就已经有了。
〞句中的破折号表示解释说明,所以
选D。
例题及练习
Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingandretaining(留住)customers.Itsoundssimple
andachievable.But,50,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften
51thesecondhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementofbeatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managerstendtobecomecarriedaway.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness—52thatthecustomerremainsacustomer.
1培养孩子终生学习动力6
53toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusinesshugeamountsofmoneyannually.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheaveragecompanylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomerseveryyears.Inconstantly
changing
54
thisisnotsurprising.Whatis
surprising
isthe
fact
that
fewcompanieshaveanyideahow
many
customerstheyhavelost.
Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportunitiesandcalculate
the
55
implications.
Cuttingdownthenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig
56
initsperformance.ResearchintheUS
foundthatafivepercentdecreaseinthenumberof
defecting(流失的)customersledto
57
increasesofbetween25
and85percent.
IntheUS,Domino
‘sPizzaestimatesthataregularcustomerisworthmorethan$5,000overtenyears.Acustomerwho
receivesapoorqualityproductorserviceontheirfirstvisitand
58
neverreturns,islosingthecompanythousandsof
dollarsin
59
profits(moreifyouconsiderhowmanypeopletheyarelikelytotellabouttheirbadexperience).
Thelogicbehindcultivatingcustomer
60
isimpossibletodeny.
―Inpracticemostcompanies
‘marketin
focused
ongettingcustomers,withlittle
attention
paidto
61
them‖says,AdrianPayneofCornfield
University
‘
School
of
Management.―Researchsuggeststhatthereisacloserelationship
betweenretaining
customersandmaking
profits.
62
customerstendtobuymore,arepredictableand
usuallycostlessto
servicethannewcustomers.
Furthermore,theytendtobelessprice
63
andmayprovidefreeword-of-mouthadvertising.Retainingcustomersalso
makesit
64
forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.
50.
A.inparticular
B.inreality
C.atleast
D.firstofall
51.
A.emphasize
B.doubt
C.overlook
D.believe
52.
A.denying
B.ensuring
C.arguing
D.proving
53.
A.Moving
B.Hoping
C.Starting
D.Failing
54.
A.markets
B.tastes
C.prices
D.expenses
55.
A.culture
B.social
C.financial
D.Economical
56.
A.promise
B.plan
C.mistake
D.difference
57.
A.cost
B.opportunity
C.profit
D.budget
58.
asaresult
B.onthewhole
C.inconclusion
D.onthecontrary
59.
A.huge
B.potential
C.extra
D.reasonable
60.
A.beliefs
B.loyalty
C.habits
D.interest
61.
A.altering
B.understanding
C.keeping
D.attracting
62.
A.Assumed
B.Respected
C.Established
D.Unexpected
63.
A.agreeable
B.flexible
C.friendly
D.sensitive
64.
A.unfair
B.difficult
C.essential
D.convenient
1培养孩子终生学习动力7
Keys:
50—54.BCBDA55—59.CDCAB60—64.BCCDB
词汇整理:
inparticular尤其特别
onthewhole整体而言
onthecontrary相反地
regularcustomer常客,老顾客〔听力常考词〕
2.高频动词:
emphasize,overlook,ensure,deny,assume,alter
3.高频名词:
taste(品味,审美),expense,budget,profit,loyalty,share(股份)
4.高频形容词:
financial,economical(节省的),potential(n.潜力),agreeable,flexible,sensitive,unfair,essential,
特殊句型理解:
1.Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportunitiesandcalculatethe
55
implications.
Only+时间状语,局部倒装。
2.Retainingcustomersalsomakesit64forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.
“it〞做形式宾语,替代“toenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.
〞
1.
复习高频词组、词义辨析文档
2.
完成以下练习
HarvardLibrary
Ifwecompareprofessorsandstudentstothehostofauniversity,thenthelibraryofauniversitycanbecomparedtothehallway.Thequalityofauniversity,__51__,isindirectproportiontothatofitslibrary.AtHarvard,thelibraryisan
essentialpartofeverybody‘slife.Boththequantityandthe__of52thelibrarymakestudyapleasantprocess.
HarvardLibraryisnotonlythemostancientlibraryintheUnitedStates,butthelargestuniversitylibrarywiththe
largestscale.In1638JohnHarvard__53__hiswholelibrarytothethenHarvardCollege.After300yearsofdevelopment,thelibrarynowholds10millionbooksand__54__morethan100branchlibraries.Inadditiontothelibrariesownedbyeachschool,therearesomebranchlibrariesthatare__55__insomeaspects.WhilemostofthebranchlibrariesareonHarvardcampus,someareasfarasinWashington,D.C.,oreveninFlorenceofItaly.YenchingLibraryisfamousforits__56__ofEastAsianliterature.LamontLibraryisthefirstlibraryintheworldthatis__57__forundergraduates.WidenerLibraryisthelargestlibraryinHarvard,onlysecondtoLibraryofCongress.
What__58__tobementionedisthesystemorrathertheserviceofthelibraries.Usuallythelibrariesareopenfrom9a.m.to5p.m..Themainlibrariesareopenuntil10p.m..Thelibrariesforundergraduat
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