英语演讲教程精选多篇.docx
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英语演讲教程精选多篇.docx
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英语演讲教程精选多篇
英语演讲教程(精选多篇)
presentationsandpublicspeakinginenglish
apresentationisaformaltalktooneormorepeoplethat"presents"ideasorinformationinaclear,structuredway.peoplearesometimesafraidofspeakinginpublic,butifyoufollowafewsimplerules,givingapresentationisactuallyveryeasy.thistutorialguidesyouthrougheachstageofgivingapresentationinenglish,fromtheinitialpreparationtotheconclusionandquestionsandanswers.thistutorialisitselfsetoutlikeamini-presentation.
preparation
canyounamethe3mostimportantthingswhengivinganypresentation?
number1is...preparation
number2is...preparation!
number3is...preparation!
!
preparationiseverything!
withgoodpreparationandplanningyouwillbetotallyconfidentandlessnervous.andyouraudiencewillfeelyourconfidence.youraudience,too,willbeconfident.theywillbeconfidentinyou.andthiswillgiveyoucontrol.controlofyouraudienceandofyourpresentation.withcontrol,youwillbe'incharge'andyouraudiencewilllistenpositivelytoyourmessage.
objective
beforeyoustarttoprepareapresentation,youshouldaskyourself:
"whyamimakingthispresentation?
"doyouneedtoinform,topersuade,totrainortosell?
yourobjectiveshouldbeclearinyourmind.ifitisnotclearinyourmind,itcannotpossiblybecleartoyouraudience.
audience
"whoamimakingthispresentationto?
"sometimesthiswillbeobvious,butnotalways.youshouldtrytoinformyourself.howmanypeople?
whoarethey?
businesspeople?
professionalpeople?
politicalpeople?
expertsornon-experts?
willitbeasmall,intimategroupof4colleaguesoralargegatheringof400petitors?
howmuchdotheyknowalreadyandwhatwilltheyexpectfromyou?
venue
"whereamimakingthispresentation?
"inasmallhotelmeeting-roomoralargeconferencehall?
whatfacilitiesandequipmentareavailable?
whataretheseatingarrangements?
timeandlength
"whenamimakingthispresentationandhowlongwillitbe?
"willitbe5minutesor1hour?
justbeforelunch,whenyouraudiencewillbehungry,orjustafterlunch,whenyouraudiencewillbesleepy?
method
howshouldimakethispresentation?
"whatapproachshouldyouuse?
formalorinformal?
lotsofvisualaidsoronlyafew?
willyouincludesomeanecdotesandhumourforvariety?
content
"whatshouldisay?
"nowyoumustdecideexactlywhatyouwanttosay.first,youshouldbrainstormyourideas.youwillnodoubtdiscovermanyideasthatyouwanttoincludeinyourpresentation.butyoumustbeselective.youshouldincludeonlyinformationthatisrelevanttoyouraudienceandyourobjective.youshouldexcludeallotherideas.youalsoneedtocreateatitleforyourpresentation(ifyouhavenotalreadybeengivenatitle).thetitlewillhelpyoutofocusonthesubject.andyouwillprepareyourvisualaids,ifyouhavedecidedtousethem.butremember,ingeneral,lessisbetterthanmore(alittleisbetterthanalot).youcanalwaysgiveadditionalinformationduringthequestionsafterthepresentation.
structure
awellorganisedpresentationwithaclearstructureiseasierfortheaudiencetofollow.itisthereforemoreeffective.youshouldorganisethepointsyouwishtomakeinalogicalorder.mostpresentationsareorganisedinthreeparts,followedbyquestions:
beginningshortintroductionweleyouraudience
introduceyoursubject
explainthestructureofyourpresentation
explainrulesforquestions
middlebodyofpresentationpresentthesubjectitself
endshortconclusionsummariseyourpresentation
thankyouraudience
invitequestions
questionsandanswers
notes
whenyougiveyourpresentation,youshouldbe-orappeartobe-asspontaneousaspossible.youshouldnotreadyourpresentation!
youshouldbesofamiliarwithyoursubjectandwiththeinformationthatyouwanttodeliverthatyoudonotneedtoreadatext.readingatextisboring!
readingatextwillmakeyouraudiencegotosleep!
soifyoudon'thaveatexttoread,howcanyouremembertosayeverythingyouneedtosay?
withnotes.youcancreateyourownsystemofnotes.somepeoplemakenotesonsmall,a6cards.somepeoplewritedownjustthetitleofeachsectionoftheirtalk.somepeoplewritedownkeywordstoremindthem.thenoteswillgiveyouconfidence,butbecauseyouwillhavepreparedyourpresentationfully,youmaynotevenneedthem!
rehearsal
rehearsalisavitalpartofpreparation.youshouldleavetimetopractiseyourpresentationtwoorthreetimes.thiswillhavethefollowingbenefits:
youwillbeemorefamiliarwithwhatyouwanttosay
youwillidentifyweaknessesinyourpresentation
youwillbeabletopractisedifficultpronunciations
youwillbeabletocheckthetimethatyourpresentationtakesandmakeanynecessarymodifications
soprepare,prepare,prepare!
prepareeverything:
words,visualaids,timing,equipment.rehearseyourpresentationseveraltimesandtimeit.isittherightlength?
areyoupletelyfamiliarwithallyourillustrations?
aretheyintherightorder?
doyouknowwhotheaudienceis?
howmanypeople?
howwillyouanswerdifficultquestions?
doyouknowtheroom?
areyouconfidentabouttheequipment?
whenyouhaveansweredallthesequestions,youwillbeaconfident,enthusiasticpresenterreadytomunicatethesubjectofyourpresentationtoaneageraudience.
equipment
easilyyourmostimportantpieceofequipmentis...you
!
makesureyou'reinfullworkingorder,andcheckyourpersonalpresentationcarefully-ifyoudon't,youraudiencewill!
theoverheadprojector(ohp)displaysoverheadtransparencies(ohtsorohpts).ithasseveraladvantagesoverthe35mmslideprojector:
itcanbeusedindaylight
theusercanfacetheaudience
theusercanwriteordrawdirectlyonthetransparencywhileinuse
thewhiteboard(morerarelyblackboardorgreenboard)isausefuldeviceforspontaneouswriting-asinbrainstorming,forexample.forpreparedmaterial,theohpmightbemoresuitable.thedusterisusedforcleaningthewhiteboard.itisessentialthatthedusterbecleantostartwith.youmayconsidercarryingyourowndusterjustincase.markersareusedforwritingonthewhiteboard(delible-youcanremovetheink)orflipchart(indelible-youcannotremovetheink).theyareusuallyavailableinblue,red,blackandgreen.again,it'sagoodideatocarryasparesetofmarkersincaseyouaregivensomeusedoneswhichdonotwritewell."agoodworkmanneverblameshistools."theflipchartconsistsofseveralleavesofpaperthatyou'flip'orturnover.somepeopleprefertheflipcharttothewhiteboard,butitsuseislimitedtosmallerpresentations.theslideprojector-whichmustbeusedinadarkenedroom-addsacertaindrama.someslideprojectorscanbesynchronisedwithaudioforaudio-visual(av)presentations.theseprojectorsaretypicallyusedforlargerpresentations.themajoritytake35mmslidesortransparencies(asseenhere),butprojectorsfor6x6cmslidesarealsoavailable.transparenciesareprojectedbyanoverheadprojectororaslideprojectorontoascreen-inthiscaseafoldingscreenwhichcanbepackedupandtransported.thenotebookputerisincreasinglybeingusedtodisplaygraphicsduringpresentations.itisoftenusedinconjunctionwithanoverheadprojector,whichactuallyprojectstheimagefromtheputerscreenontothewallscreen.handoutsareanydocumentsorsamplesthatyou'handout'ordistributetoyouraudience.notethatitisnotusuallyagoodideatodistributehandoutsbeforeyourpresentation.theaudiencewillreadthehandoutsinsteadoflisteningtoyou.
delivery
'delivery'referstothewayinwhichyouactuallydeliverorperformorgiveyourpresentation.deliveryisavitalaspectofallpresentations.deliveryisatleastasimportantascontent,especiallyinamulti-culturalcontext.
nerves
mostspeakersarealittlenervousatthebeginningofapresentation.soitisnormalifyouarenervous.theansweristopayspecialattentiontothebeginningofyourpresentation.firstimpressionscount.thisisthetimewhenyouestablisharapportwithyouraudience.duringthistime,trytospeakslowlyandcalmly.youshouldperhapslearnyourintroductionbyheart.afterafewmoments,youwillrelaxandgainconfidence.
audiencerapport
youneedtobuildawarmandfriendlyrelationshipwithyouraudience.enthusiasmiscontagious.ifyouareenthusiasticyouraudiencewillbeenthusiastictoo.andbecarefultoestablisheyecontactwitheachmemberofyouraudience.eachpersonshouldfeelthatyouarespeakingdirectlytohimorher.thismeansthatyoumustlookateachpersoninturn-inasnaturalawayaspossible.thiswillalsogiveyoutheopportunitytodetectsignsofboredom,disinterestorevendisagreement,allowingyoutomodifyyourpresentationasappropriate.
yourobjectiveistomunicate!
bodylanguage
whatyoudonotsayisatleastasimportantaswhatyoudosay.yourbodyisspeakingtoyouraudienceevenbeforeyouopenyourmouth.yourclothes,yourwalk,yourglasses,yourhaircut,yourexpression-itisfromthesethatyouraudienceformsitsfirstimpressionasyouentertheroom.generallyspeaking,itisbettertostandratherthansitwhenmakingapresentation.beawareofandavoidanyrepetitiveandirritatinggestures.beaware,too,thatthemovementofyourbodyisoneofyourmethodsofcontrol.whenyoumovetoorfromthewhiteboard,forexample,youcanmovefastorslowly,raisingorreducingthedynamismwithintheaudience.youcanstandverystillwhiletalkingoryoucanstroll
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