鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类II 卷.docx
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鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类II 卷.docx
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鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类II卷
鄂教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)(II)卷
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一、阅读理解(共5题;共52分)
1.(10分)(2019八下·龙岗期末)阅读短文,从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Welcometothe26thcentury!
Cyborgtechnologyisawayoflife.Peoplewithhumanbrainsandartificial(人造的)bodiesareeverywhere.
ThisisthefutureworldshowninthefilmAlita:
BattleAngel.USdirectorJamesCameronmadethefilm.ThemoviecameoutintheChinesemainlandtheatersonFeb22.
ThestoryisbasedonJapanesemangaartistYukitoKishiro'spopularmangaseriesofthesamename.Themaincharacter,acyborg,isagirlnamedAlita.
Oneday,shewakesupinwreckageandfindsthatshehaslosthermemory.Luckily,adoctorsavesher.Asshestartshernewlife,Alitafindsshehassuperhumanabilities.Shedecidestofindthetruthbehindherorigin.Shestartedajourneythatleadsherthroughadarkworld.
InCameron'sownwords,themovieis"notlikeanyofthefilmsthatI'vedonebefore".Itsvisualeffectsareespeciallyimpressive.Thefilm'sactorsusedthelatestmotion-capture(动作捕捉)technology.Theyworespecialsuitsthatrecordtheirmovements.Later,motion-captureeditorsusethesemovementstomakespecialeffects.RosaSalazaplaysAlita.Sheworeasuitwithmorethan7,000piecesandlayers.Itcancapturehumanmovement.Themodelthatwasusedforherfacewaschangednearly5,000timestomakeitmorelifelike.
(1)Accordingtothepassage,cyborgshave________.
A.artificialbrains
B.humanbodies
C.man-madebrains
D.man-madebodies
(2)PeopleinShenzhencouldwatchthefilmon________.
A.Jan21
B.Jan23
C.Feb21
D.Feb23
(3)Whatwereusedtorecordtheactor'smovements?
A.Specialsuits
B.Cameras
C.Computers
D.Motion-capturemachines
(4)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.ItisunusualtoseeaCyborginthe26thcentury.
B.Alitarememberseverythingclearlywhenshewakesupinwreckage.
C.ThefilmisalmostthesameastheonesJamesCameronhasdonebefore.
D.AlotofworkwasdoneinordertomakeAlita'sfacelookmorelifelike.
2.(12分)(2019八下·嘉兴期末)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
TheVineThatAtetheSouth
Kudzuisafast-growingvine(蔓生植物)thatcoversalargeareainthesouthernUnitedStates.Itissocommonthatonemightthinkitisanativeplant,butitisnot.KudzuwasbroughttotheUnitedStatesfromJapanin1876.ManyAmericansthoughtitwasbeautiful,andtheybegantoplantit.Theydidn'tknowitcouldgrowuptoafootadayduringthesummermonths.Nordidtheyknowitwouldgrowupandoveranythinginitspath(路径).
InJapan,kudzuexperiencedcoldwintersandashortgrowingseason.ButintheUnitedStates,ithasaverylonggrowingseasonwithwarmandwetsouthernweather.Itisfineweatherforthevinetogrowfast.
Inthe1920s,peopleusedthevinetofeedfarmanimals.Tenyearslater,thegovernmentsupportedtoplantkudzubecauseitkeptsoil(土壤)fromwashingaway.However,bythe1950s,thegovernmentnolongerwantedpeopletoplantthevine.Twentyyearsafterthat,thegovernmentsaiditwasaharmfulplant.
Thevinegrowsuptreesandbuildings,makingsomebeautifulshapes.However,treesdieafterkudzucoversthembecausetheycannotgetenoughlight.Scientistsarelookingforwaystokillthevine.Theyusedpoisons(毒药)tokillthevine.However,someofthepoisonsmadeitgrowevenbetter.ScientistsalsofinditdifficulttodigupKudzu.Theplantisreallytough.
Becausekudzuissohardtokill,somepeoplearemakingthebestofit.Sotheytrytofinddifferentusesforthevine.Theyfindthevinecanbeusedtomakepaperandbaskets,itcanbeusedtofeedthegoats,anditcanevenbeeatenbypeople.Scientistsarestudyingitinthehopethatthevinecanbeusedasamedicine.Attheveryleast,kudzuservesasanexampleoftheunexpectedresultsthatcancomefromnon-nativeplants.
(1)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.
A.kudzumostlygrowsinthenorthernAmerica
B.kudzuwasbroughttoJapanfromAmerica
C.kudzugrowsveryfastinwarmandwetweather
D.Americangovernmenthasneversupportedtoplantkudzu
(2)Theunderlinedword"tough"inParagraph4probablymeans"________".
A.noteasilybroken
B.widelyused
C.hardtogrow
D.importanttoone'shealth
(3)Thelastparagraphismostlyabout________.
A.howquicklythevinegrows
B.howpeopleusethevine
C.whypeoplewanttokillthevine
D.whypeopleeatthevine
(4)Thewriterusesthetitle"TheVineThatAtetheSouth"mostprobablyto________.
A.letreadersknowthatkudzuisavine
B.interestreadersinahumorousway
C.tellreadersthevineisakindoffood
D.getreaderstorealizethepassageisserious
3.(10分)(2019八上·重庆期中)阅读理解
Thereisonething.Wecan'tseeit.Sometimeswecanhearitandevenfeelit.Without(没有)it,allthelivingthingswilldie.Doyouknowwhatitis?
Oh,itisair.
However,what'stheairliketoday?
Incities,therearetoomanypeopleandtoomanycarsontheroads.Thecarssendout(排放)alotofbadgases(气体)Incities,therearemanychemicalfactories(化工厂).Theysendoutterriblesmokeeveryday.Thiskindofsmokeisverybadforourhealth.Nowtheairisbecomingworseandworse.Everyday,webreathe(呼吸)thebadairinandout.Thisisveryunhealthyforusanditmakesusfeelsick.
Tokeepushealthy,wehavetogotothecountrysidetobreathemorefreshair.Orwecangouphillstogetmorefreshair.
(1)Without(没有)____,allthelivingthingswilldie..
A.air
B.cars
C.roads
D.smoke
(2)Picture_____isnotbadfortheairaccordingtothepassage.
A.
B.
C.
D.
(3)Accordingtothepassage,wehaveto_____tokeepushealthy.
A.gotothecitiesorgodownhillstogetmorefreshair
B.gotothecountrysideorgouphillstogetmorefreshair
C.gototheroadsorgouphillstogetmorefreshair
D.gotothefactoriesorgouphillstogetmorefreshair
(4)Wecanreadthispassageinthecolumn(栏目)____ofanewspaper.
A.Cities
B.Factories
C.Health
D.Cars
4.(10分)(2017七下·泗阳竞赛)根据短文内容,然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
Napogaisa12-year-oldgirlinGhana(加纳),Africa.Itishardforherfamilytogetcleanwater.Everymorning,sheleaveshomeathalfpastfivetogetcleanwaterforherfamilyinavillagefaraway.Ittakeshersixhourstogetenoughcleanwaterfordaily(日常)cookinganddrinking.Shehasnotimetogotoschoolortoplaywithherfriends.MillionsofpeopleintheworldarelikeNapoga.Theycan'tgetenoughcleanwatertokeephealthy.
EarthDayisonApril22.Butonallotherdays,wemustalsorememberit.Thewaterweuseisthemostimportantnaturalresource(自然资源)ontheearth.
Watercovers70%oftheearth'ssurface(表面).Butmostofthatisseawater.Wecan'tuseitforverymanythings.Freshwatercoversonly1%oftheearth'ssurface.
Youprobablyfeelluckythatyourlifeisn'tashardasNapoga's.Butthatdoesn'tmeanyoudon'thavetoworryaboutwater.Weallfaceseriouswaterproblems.Oneofthemiswaterpollution.Allkindsofthingsfromcars,factories,farmsandhomesmakeourrivers,lakes,andoceansdirty.Pollutedwaterisverybadforpeopletodrink.Anddirtywaterisbadforfish,too.Now,34%ofallkindsoffisharedyingout.
Howdocarsandfactoriesmakeourwaterdirty?
First,theypollutetheair.Then,whenitrains,therainwatercomesdownandmakesourdrinkingwaterdirty.Dirtyrain,calledacidrain(酸雨),isalsobadforplants,animalsandbuildings.
Scientistssaythatin30years,morethanhalfofthepeopleintheworldwon'thaveenoughcleanwater.Wehavetolearnhowtosavemorewaterforourselvesandourchildren.Hereissomeadviceforsavingwater:
●Turnoffthewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.Youcansaveasmuchas450liters(升)eachmonth.
●Leakytaps(漏水的龙头)wastealotofwater.Fixthemrightaway!
●Youcaneasilycutyour10-minuteshowers(沐浴)inhalf—andyou'llbejustasclean.
●Whenyouwashdishes,don'tletthewaterrun.
●Onlywashclotheswhenyouhavealottowash.Ifyourwashingmachineisn'tfull,you'rewastingwater!
(1)EverymorningNapogawenttogetcleanwater_______.
A.beforeshewenttoschool
B.aftershefinishedschool
C.withoutgoingtoschool
D.aftersheplayedwithherfriends
(2)Acidrain_______.
A.isonlybadforlivingthings
B.canbeproducedinfactories
C.doesn'tdoharmtopeople,butit'sbadforplants,animalsandbuildings
D.doesn'tjustdoharmtohumanbeingsbuttoanimals,plantsandbuildings
(3)Whichofthefollowingwastes(浪费)water?
A.Weneedtenminutesifwewantacleanshower.
B.Weshouldputinenoughclotheswhenwewashtheminwashingmachines.
C.Youcankeepyourselfcleanbyhavingashowerforfiveminutes.
D.Don'tletthewaterrunwhenwebrushourteethandwashdishes.
(4)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Somethingmustbedonetopreventwaterfrombeingpolluted.
B.Cleanwatermeansmuchtohumanbeingsandlivingthingsaroundus.
C.It'stimetotakecareofthewaterweuse.
D.Wateristhemostimportantnaturalresourceontheearth.
5.(10分)(2017九上·简阳月考)阅读理解
D
Whenacomputerworksonagroupofprograms,itcangetveryhot.Coolingthecomputercancostalot.Sosomescientistswonderwhatwouldhappeniftheheatfromthecomputercouldbeused.
LargeInternetcompanies(公司)suchasGoogleandMicrosofthavethousandsofcomputers.Asthesec
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