中西方饮食文化差异-英文-.ppt
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中西方饮食文化差异-英文-.ppt
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DiningculturedifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWestCulturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfood1.Becauseofthedifferencesingeographicalfeatures,climateoftheenvironment,customsandotherfactors,foodproductswillappeardifferentdegreesofdifferencesintherawmaterials,taste,cookingmethods,eatinghabits.2.ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturehasalsocreateddifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodculture.Thisdifferenceisfromadifferentwayofthinkingandphilosophy.Chinesepeoplefocuson“HeavenandMan”(天人合),Westernersfocuson“peopleoriented”(以人为本).1.Theconceptoftwodifferentdiet2.DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodobjects3.Dietarydifferencesintheway不同的饮食观念不同的饮食对象不同的饮食方式TheconceptoftwodifferentdietthekeywhyChinesecuisinehasitsownuniquecharmliesinitstaste.Thedeliciousgenerationistoreconcile,tomakethetasteoffoodheatedafterthecookedflavor,andplusingredientstoreconcilethetaste.Smellspices,mixedtogetherwithintegrationofco-ordinationisaddedsothattheycancomplementeachotherharmoniously.TheconceptoftwodifferentdietContractively,theWestfocusesonarationaleating.Theypaymuchattentiononthenutrientsratherthanfoodcolor,smell,taste,andshape.Theycareabouthowmanycalories,vitamins,proteinshouldbetaken.Evenwhenthetasteisthesame,itmustbeeaten-becausethenutrition.DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodobjectslChinesecuisineenphasisestastealotlPaymuchattentiononthecookingprocess.lwhiletheChinesepeoplewerelookedhorter,hadnarrowshouder,legsareshort,weakquality.lWestenersthinkfoodisjustusedforfillingyourstomack.leatlargepiecesofmeat,wholepieceofchickenandotherhardvegetables.lManyWesternerswouldconsiderwhatisthrownawayinChinaareexcellentmaterials.ltheWesterndietcharacterizedbytheirowncountry,IfeelmoreemphasisonnutritionthantheChineseonehas.lIntheircountries,thehumanbodygenerallyrobustthantheChinesepeople:
tall,longlegs,wideshoulders,well-developedmusclesltherearerelativelywell-developedfoodindustries,suchascannedfood,fastfoodandsoon,althoughtasteismonotonous,buttosavetime,andthewell-nourishedAccordingtotheWesterndietwassignificantdifferencesinthecharacteristicsoftheobject,theycalltheChinese“plantcharacter”,whileWesternerscalled“theanimalcharacter”有人根据中西方饮食对象的有人根据中西方饮食对象的明显差异这一特点,把明显差异这一特点,把中国人称为植物性格,西方人称为动物性格。
中国人称为植物性格,西方人称为动物性格。
Whenthechinesegotoarestarant,however,theyaskforasmallroomwithplainwallswheretheycannotbeseenexceptbythemembersoftheirownparty,wherejacketscancomeoffandtheycanproceedwiththeseriousbusinesswhichbroughtthemthere.Thechineseintentionsarebothhonourableandwhole-hearted.WhenWesternersgotoarestauranttheyaskforagoodtable,whichmeansagoodpositionfromwhichtoandbeseen.Theyusuallytheretobeentertainedsocially-also,incidentally,toeat.Dietarydifferencesintheway.ComparisonofChineseandWesterntablemanners.ChinesetablemannersThegeneraletiquetteonthetableKeepyourfeetunderyourseat,andbackstraight.KeepquietwithmouthfullTablewareforyourownshouldnotbeputinthepublicplate.Totakefoodscoopsoup,youshouldusechopstickspublickey.Neverdigteethwithyourfingers,applyatoothpick,andcoverwithhandorhandkerchief.Avoidcoughingandsneezingontable.Ifyoucanthelpcoughing,remembertosaysorry.Theeventofaccidents,suchaswine,water,soupsplashedintoothersclothes,youcanapologize.Thereisnoneedtobepanic.Inthecaseofthemasterhimselfcookingfood,donotforgettoappreciatetheowner.Whileeating,youdbetternotsmoke.Youshouldaskforyourneighborspermissionifyouhaveto.WesterntablemannersWhenyouareinvitedtothebanquet,youshouldshowmoreattentiontothetopicsharedontableratherthanthefood.Afterthehostesspicksupthenapkin,youcanalsopickupyournapkinonthelap.Sometimesthereisasmallbreadinthenapkin,youcanputitonthesmalldishontable.Dinnerisusuallystartedfromthesoup.ThebiggestkeyInfrontofyouisthespoonforsoup.Donotmisusethespoononthemiddleofyourtable,becauseitmaybeusedtotakevegetablesandsalad.Inthehostesspickedupherspoonoraforkbeforetheguestscannoteatanydish.Eachhostessusuallyhavetowaituntilaftertheguestsbegantogetfood.ShewillnotliketheChinesehabitof,asyoueat.Whenshepickedupthespoonorforkwhenitmeansthatwecanalldoso.Iftherearefishdish,thenmostlyinthesoupafteritisbroughttothetablemayhaveaspecialfishfork,whichforktoeatmeatmayalsobesimilar,usuallysmaller,inshort,harpoonsonthemeatforkfartherawayfromthelateralsideoftheplate.Beforethefishareusuallyplacedonthetables,fishboneshavelongtickthenet,ifyoueatapieceoffish,therearethorns,youcanbeleftholdingbreadroll,orapieceofbread,hisrighthandholdingaknifetostabpoke.Ifthemouthhasbeenathorn,itshouldbequietlyasfaraspossiblenottoattractattentiontoitwithyourfingersoutandputtheedgeoftheplate,donotonthetable,orthrowintheground.TheTablewareinChinaandthewestChopsticksandSpoonFolk,knifeandSpoonChopstickUsageuChopsticksshouldalwaysbeheldcorrectly,betweenthethumbandfirsttwofingersoftherighthand.uWhennotinuse,chopsticksmustalwaysbeplacedneatlyonthetablewithtwostickslyingtidilynexttoeachotheratbothends.Failuretodosoisevocativeofthewaythedeadwouldbeplacedinacoffinbeforethefuneralandisamajorfauxpas.uChopsticksaretraditionallyheldintherighthandonly,evenfortheleft-handed.Althoughchopsticksmaynowbefoundineitherhand,afewstillconsiderleft-handedchopstickuseimproperetiquette.Oneexplanationforthetreatmentofsuchusageasimproperisthatwithintheconfinesofaroundtablethismaybeinconvenient.uNeverwaveyourchopsticksaroundasiftheywereanextensionofyourhandgestures.uNeverusechopstickstomovebowlsorplates.uNeversuckthechopsticksuDecidewhattopickupbeforereachingwithchopsticks,insteadofhoveringthemoverorrummagingthroughdishes.uWhenpickingupapieceoffood,neverusethetipsofyourchopstickstopokethroughthefoodaswithafork;exceptionsincludetearingapartlargeritemssuchasvegetables.uNeverstabchopsticksverticallyintoabowlofrice,asthisresemblesincensesticksusedattemplestopayrespectstothedeceased.UseofWesterntablewareuEuropeansuseknivesandforkswithoutchanginghands,fromcuttingtogetfoodareleftholdingagain.Americans,aftercuttingdowntheknifewithhisrighthandholdingforktoyourmouth.uEatWesternfoodaccordingtotheorderfromoutsidetoinsideaccesstoknivesandforks.Thebiggestkeyisthespoon,thelargestmeatknifeandforkisused.Cuttingfoodwithknifeandforkshouldbecuteachone,oronecannotatthesametimeallthechopping.uEachdisheaten,itwilldischargetrayflatknifeandforkclosetogethertoshowfinished.Ifnotfinished,thenplacedintotheeight-characterorcross-placed,knifeedgeinward.Chicken,lobster,when,afterthemasterhandscanbetornbyhandtoeat,orcutintosmallpiecescanbecutmeatknifeandforktoeat.uBanquetinprogress,duetoaccidentallyoccurredanomalies.Iftoomuchforce,knifeandforkcollisionplate,audible,orutensilsfalltotheground,orknockedoverdrinksandsoon,shouldbecalmanddonothavetoworry.uTablewaretouchavoicecanbegentletotheneighborsayImsorry.uTablewarefloorcannotdiscardtheproposedre-use,butbysendingawaitertopaytheother.Neighborwhodrinksknockedsplashedandshouldapologizetohelpdry.Iftheothersidearewomen,canonlycleannapkinorahandkerchiefcanbeproffered,fromherownbrush.uThebanquet,whathappeneddidnotfaceasuddenpanicdisorder,resourceful,usingtheirknowledgeandlanguageabilitytomakethingsease,thisisahighaccomplishmentStory希特勒举行的一次宴会上,一位中国使节按照在国内进西餐的习惯,用餐巾去揩拭刀叉,殊不知这种做法极不礼貌,仿佛是责备刀叉不干净。
希特勒一见之下,立即命令侍者将全体客人的餐具一律重新换过,使那位中国使节窘迫难堪。
李鸿章出使德国时也出了类似的洋相。
李鸿章应俾斯曼之邀前往赴宴,由于不懂西餐礼仪,他把一碗吃水果后洗手用的水端起来喝了。
当时俾斯曼不了解中国虚实,为不使李鸿章丢丑,他也将洗手水一饮而尽,见此情形,其他文武百官只得忍笑奉陪。
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- 中西方 饮食文化 差异 英文